修改Oracle默认监听端口
我们都知道，Oracle的监听默认端口是1521，但是如果系统上1521已经被占用或业务要求不用默认端口，则需要修改监听的默认端口。
修改监听端口只需要修改配置文件listiner.ora，然后重启监听就行了。但是Oracle实例的PMON进程还是会去找监听1521端口的监听进程去注册，所以同时也需要修改数据库的配置。数据库里只需要在线修改LOCAL_LISTINER即可。
下面以11.2.0.4为例测试修改监听端口：
1、修改监听端口
#查看监听状态
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:16:24
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 07-JAN-2017 20:16:16
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 8 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
#停止监听
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl stop
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:17:39
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully
#修改配置文件listener.ora，改监听端口为2521
LISTENER=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))))
#启动监听
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:19:11
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 07-JAN-2017 20:19:11
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
至此，监听端口已经修改完毕，这时Oracle实例是无法注册到此监听上的。
2、修改LOCAL_LISTINER参数
#修改参数
sys@ORCL>alter system set local_listener="(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = rhel6)(port = 2521))";
System altered.
#查看监听状态
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:23:10
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 07-JAN-2017 20:19:11
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 3 min. 59 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
修改完后，可以看到数据库实例立即注册到监听器上。
3、使用新端口进行测试连接
[c:\~]$ sqlplus zx/[email protected]:2521/orcl
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on 星期六 1月 7 20:24:17 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
连接到:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL>
修改监听端口完成。
4、把Oracle实例的注册端口改回1521
sys@ORCL>alter system set local_listener='';
System altered.
官方文档中还提供了另一种配置LOCAL_LISTINER的方法：
在tnsnames.ora中添加配置，然后配置LOCAL_LISTINER为tnsnames.ora中的名字即可
#配置tnsnames.ora
[oracle@rhel6 admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora
listener1=(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.56.2 )(PORT = 2521))
#修改LOCAL_LISTINER参数
sys@ORCL>alter system set local_listener=listener1;
System altered.
#查看监听状态
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:34:01
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 07-JAN-2017 20:31:28
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 2 min. 33 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
另外还可以使用静态监听的方法来修改监听的端口，但是Oracle实例不是“主动”注册到监听器上的。
sys@ORCL>show parameter local_listener
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------
local_listener string
#修改监听为静态监听
[oracle@rhel6 admin]$ vi listener.ora
LISTENER=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))))
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1)
(SID_NAME=orcl))
#重启监听
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl stop
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:38:45
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)))
The command completed successfully
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 07-JAN-2017 20:38:51
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 07-JAN-2017 20:38:52
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u02/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rhel6/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=2521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
静态监听实例的状态为UNKNOWN，测试连接成功
[c:\~]$ sqlplus zx/[email protected]:2521/orcl
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on 星期六 1月 7 20:40:03 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
连接到:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL>