基于kubernetes+docker+jenkins的DevOps实践
基于kubernetes+docker+jenkins的DevOps实践
之前自己的项目开发就搭了个cicd的环境,那时候是在本就小的可怜的服务器上搭了一套 jenkins + docker registry + docker
见之前的笔记 docker学习下面
总的差不多这样:
之后对kubernetes
的接触后,就在之前的基础上加入kubernetes
,其实也就是在服务器拉取镜像docker run
的时候改变为通知kubernetes
的apiServer
对提前配置好的项目配置文件xx.yaml
进行更新kubectl appply -f xx.yaml
,它会对配置里的镜像拉取在多个pod
里运行,当然还需要对应的service
,如果需要暴露给外部还可以添个ingress
。
一个小服务器加本地一个闲置从机撑进去这么多东西很显然爆了,于是把jenkins , docker registry
拆出来,用上了公共的ali云服务CodePipeline,容器镜像服务
。
这里记录一下。
docker搭建
kubernetes搭建
之前写的kubernetes学习下面有
使用ali云CodePipeline替代jenkins创建任务
配置->项目名称:最好为github上代码的demo项目名称,这里以bootshiro为例 配置->源码管理->Git:URL为github上的项目clone url,下面默认master分支 配置->构建触发器->填写代码分支:eg:master 点击生成触发器地址留下备用(github webhook配置会用到)
配置->构建项目类型可选maven项目 node python等(按自己需求改编译打包册测试脚本) eg: maven项目 编译打包: mvn package -B -DskipTests 用例测试: mvn test
配置->镜像构建和发布: 这里使用ali云的免费docker镜像仓库 镜像版本号最好用jenkins环境变量标记,registry地址证书等就是自己开通的ali云registry地址和账户,docker路径是相对于当前代码仓库的Dcokerfile文件路径,用这个Dockefile文件来生成镜像。 eg: bootshiro的Dockefile #VERSION 1.1.0 #基础镜像为openjdk:12-alpine FROM openjdk:12-alpine #签名 MAINTAINER tomsun28 "[email protected]" RUN rm -rf /opt/running/bootshiro* ADD ./target/bootshiro.jar /opt/running/bootshiro.jar EXPOSE 8080 WORKDIR /opt/running/ CMD ["java", "-jar", "bootshiro.jar","--spring.profiles.active=prod"]
配置->部署Kubernetes(新): 这里配置对搭建好的k8s环境的apiServer连接,之后好使用apiServer对kubernetes操作 认证方式:选择认证证书 API服务器地址:为apiServer通讯地址 证书:使用docker授权模式,客户端Key(key.pem)和客户端证书(cert.pem)在/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf,服务端CA证书(ca.pem)在/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt 部署配置文件:为k8s部署这个项目的配置文件位置,也是以当前项目代码仓库为相对路径,eg :bootshiro.yaml # ----------------------bootshiro--------------------- # # ------bootshiro deployment------ # kind: Deployment apiVersion: apps/v1beta2 metadata: name: bootshiro-deployment labels: app: bootshiro spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: bootshiro template: metadata: labels: app: bootshiro spec: containers: - name: nginx image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/tomsun28/bootshiro:${BUILD_NUMBER} ports: - containerPort: 8080 --- # -------nginx-service--------- # apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: bootshiro-service spec: # type: NodePort ports: - name: server port: 8080 targetPort: 8080 selector: app: bootshiro # !----------------------bootshiro--------------------- # 这里配置部署文件创建了一个pod实例,创建了与其想对应的service在集群内部暴露服务。 如果部署的应用需要对集群外提供服务,这里还要创建对应的暴露服务的方式,如ingress, nodeport等
- -
到此cicd就差不多了,我们开发代码push到github仓库上,跟着DevOps流程走,最后项目就会自己运行到kubernetes集群里面了,pod挂了或者从机挂了,k8s会重新启保证设定数量的pod。
使用ingress对集群外暴露服务
这里使用的是traefik-ingress
,在kubernetes中部署traefik有官方部署手册,基本按着走一遍就能部署上去了。
整合部署的traefik.yaml:
--- kind: ClusterRole apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1 metadata: name: traefik-ingress-controller rules: - apiGroups: - "" resources: - services - endpoints - secrets verbs: - get - list - watch - apiGroups: - extensions resources: - ingresses verbs: - get - list - watch --- kind: ClusterRoleBinding apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1 metadata: name: traefik-ingress-controller roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: traefik-ingress-controller subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: traefik-ingress-controller namespace: kube-system --- apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: traefik-ingress-controller namespace: kube-system --- kind: DaemonSet apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 metadata: name: traefik-ingress-controller namespace: kube-system labels: k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb spec: template: metadata: labels: k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb name: traefik-ingress-lb spec: serviceAccountName: traefik-ingress-controller terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 60 containers: - image: traefik name: traefik-ingress-lb ports: - name: http containerPort: 80 hostPort: 80 - name: admin containerPort: 8080 securityContext: capabilities: drop: - ALL add: - NET_BIND_SERVICE args: - --api - --kubernetes - --logLevel=INFO --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: traefik-web-ui namespace: kube-system spec: selector: k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb ports: - name: web port: 80 targetPort: 8080 --- apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Ingress metadata: name: traefik-web-ui namespace: kube-system annotations: kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik traefik.frontend.rule.type: PathPrefixStrip spec: rules: - host: tom.usthe.com http: paths: - path: /ingress backend: serviceName: traefik-web-ui servicePort: web
使用traefik来暴露service
:
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Ingress metadata: name: chess namespace: default annotations: kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik traefik.frontend.rule.type: PathPrefixStrip spec: rules: - host: tom.usthe.com http: paths: - path: /usthe backend: serviceName: usthe-service servicePort: http - path: /nginx backend: serviceName: nginx servicePort: http
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