关于shell的几个不为人知却十分有用的命令
最近一直在使用Linux操作系统,也熟知一些简单的命令,那么下面我将介绍几个不为人知却十分有用的命令:
1.mtr命令,查看mtr运行的主机和某个网站的直接网络连接,如下
mtr google.com
显示一下内容
My traceroute [v0.75] localhost.localdomain (0.0.0.0) Sun May 18 19:32:36 2014 Keys: Help Display mode Restart statistics Order of fields quit Packets Pings Host Loss% Snt Last Avg Best Wrst StDev 1. 103.31.240.129 0.0% 42 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.0 2. 118.126.0.9 0.0% 42 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.0 3. 210.245.144.37 0.0% 42 2.9 3.6 2.9 22.1 3.0 4. 113.10.231.125 0.0% 42 3.1 3.8 2.7 40.2 5.8 5. irb9.10g-tc2.wpc.nwtgigalink.com 0.0% 42 2.9 3.1 2.9 5.1 0.4 6. ae2.10g-pp2.wpc.nwtgigalink.com 0.0% 42 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.2 0.1 7. google3-10G.hkix.net 0.0% 42 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.6 0.1 8. 209.85.248.62 0.0% 42 5.0 5.3 4.8 13.7 1.6 9. 209.85.241.171 0.0% 42 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.7 0.1 10. hkg03s16-in-f8.1e100.net 0.0% 41 4.8 4.9 4.7 5.0 0.1
2.nl命令,给所查看的文本加上行号,如下
cat a.log aa nl a.log 1 aa
3.shuf命令,随机从一个文件或者一个文件夹中选取行或者文件
[root@localhost mwq]# ls | shuf -n1 a.log [root@localhost mwq]# ls | shuf -n1 a.log [root@localhost mwq]# ls | shuf -n1 a.log [root@localhost mwq]# ls | shuf -n1 20140512.sql [root@localhost mwq]# ls | shuf -n1 20140512.sql [root@localhost mwq]# ls | shuf -n1 a.log [root@localhost mwq]# vim a.log [root@localhost mwq]# cat a.log | shuf -n1 aa [root@localhost mwq]# cat a.log | shuf -n1 dd [root@localhost mwq]# cat a.log | shuf -n1 aa [root@localhost mwq]# cat a.log | shuf -n1 ff
当然你也可以改变参数如cat a.log | shuf -n2获取两行内容。
4.last命令,查看上次登录或者登出的用户
root pts/4 xxxxxxxxxxx Sun May 18 19:12 still logged in root pts/4 xxxxxxxxxxx Fri May 16 09:39 - 15:17 (05:38) root pts/4 xxxxxxxxxxx Wed May 14 17:13 - 18:01 (00:48) root pts/4 xxxxxxxxxxx Mon May 12 10:50 - 13:38 (02:47) root pts/4 xxxxxxxxxxx Mon May 12 10:48 - 10:50 (00:02) root pts/1 xxxxxxxxxxx Fri May 9 11:58 still logged in
5.pstree以树的结构显示当前的进程节点
init─┬─abrt-dump-oops ├─abrtd ├─acpid ├─atd ├─auditd───{auditd} ├─avahi-daemon───avahi-daemon ├─console-kit-dae───63*[{console-kit-da}] ├─crond ├─dbus-daemon───{dbus-daemon} ├─hald───hald-runner─┬─hald-addon-acpi │ └─hald-addon-inpu ├─irqbalance ├─java───330*[{java}] ├─master───qmgr ├─6*[mingetty] ├─mysqld_safe───mysqld───11*[{mysqld}] ├─rhsmcertd───rhsmcertd ├─rsyslogd───3*[{rsyslogd}] ├─sshd─┬─4*[sshd───bash] │ └─sshd───bash───pstree ├─stap-serverd ├─udevd───2*[udevd] └─vsftpd
好了,今天就先介绍这么多,稍后会继续。。。。
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