前端每日实战:13# 视频演示如何用纯 CSS 创作一个冒着热气的咖啡杯
效果预览
按下右侧的“点击预览”按钮在当前页面预览,点击链接全屏预览。
https://codepen.io/zhang-ou/pen/xjXxoz
可交互视频教程
此视频是可以交互的,你可以随时暂停视频,编辑视频中的代码。
请用 chrome, safari, edge 打开观看。
源代码下载
请从 github 下载。
https://github.com/comehope/front-end-daily-challenges/tree/master/013-hot-coffee-cup
代码解读
定义 dom,一个名为 coffee 的容器,其中包含一个名为 cup 的元素:
<div class="coffee"> <div class="cup"></div> </div>
居中显示:
html, body { height: 100%; align-items: center; justify-content: center; background-color: brown; }
画出杯子主体:
.coffee .cup { width: 10em; height: 9em; background-color: white; border-bottom-left-radius: 1.5em; border-bottom-right-radius: 1.5em; }
用伪元素画出杯口:
.coffee .cup { position: relative; } .coffee .cup::before { content: ''; position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 2em; background-color: chocolate; border: 0.5em solid white; box-sizing: border-box; border-radius: 50%; top: -1em; box-shadow: inset 0 0 1em rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); }
用伪元素画出杯子把手:
.coffee .cup::after { content: ''; position: absolute; width: 3em; height: 3.5em; border: 0.8em solid white; border-radius: 50%; top: 20%; left: 80%; }
dom 元素增加托盘:
<div class="coffee"> <div class="cup"></div> <div class="plate"></div> </div>
画出托盘:
.coffee { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; height: calc(9em + 1em); position: relative; } .coffee .plate { width: 16em; height: 1em; background-color: white; border-bottom-left-radius: 50%; border-bottom-right-radius: 50%; position: absolute; bottom: -1px; }
dom 元素增加杯中冒出的热气:
<div class="coffee"> <div class="vapor"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> <div class="cup"></div> <div class="plate"></div> </div>
画出杯中冒出的热气:
.coffee { height: calc(9em + 1em + 2em); } .coffee .vapor { width: 7em; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; } .coffee .vapor span { width: 0.1em; min-width: 1px; height: 2em; background-color: white; }
定义热气冒出的动画:
.coffee .vapor span { animation: evaporation 2s linear infinite; filter: opacity(0); } @keyframes evaporation { from { transform: translateY(0); filter: opacity(1) blur(0.2em); } to { transform: translateY(-4em); filter: opacity(0) blur(0.4em); } }
最后,调整每条热气的延迟时间,使动感更强:
.coffee .vapor span:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: 0.5s; } .coffee .vapor span:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 0.1s; } .coffee .vapor span:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 0.3s; } .coffee .vapor span:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: 0.4s; } .coffee .vapor span:nth-child(5) { animation-delay: 0.2s; }
大功告成!
知识点
- border-bottom-left-radius https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom-left-radius
- border-bottom-right-radius https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom-right-radius
- box-shadow https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-shadow
- calc() https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/calc
- translateY() https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform-function/translateY
- filter https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/filter
- animation-delay https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-delay
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