Linux下Mysql的安装步骤
（1）、下载安装包
https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
[ local]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar --2018-08-02 18:04:25-- https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11 Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found Location: https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar [following] --2018-08-02 18:04:27-- https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar Resolving cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)... 23.36.193.224 Connecting to cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)|23.36.193.224|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 673873920 (643M) [application/x-tar] Saving to: 鈥榤ysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar鈥 100%[========================================================================>] 673,873,920 191KB/s in 53m 15s 2018-08-02 18:57:42 (206 KB/s) - 鈥榤ysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar鈥saved [673873920/673873920] [ local]# ls bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar sbin share src [ local]# mv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar src/
（2）、解压到/usr/local/下，重命名为mysql
[ src]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar -C /usr/local/ mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz mysql-test-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [ src]# cd ../ [ local]# ls bin include libexec sbin etc lib mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz share games lib64 mysql-test-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz src [ local]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisam_ftdump mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamchk mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamlog mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisampack . . . [ local]# mv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql [ local]# ls bin games lib libexec mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz sbin src etc include lib64 mysql mysql-test-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz share
（3）、在mysql下创建数据库文件目录
[ local]# mkdir mysql/data
（4）、创建mysql用户组和用户，并对mysql目录设置用户组和用户
[ local]# groupadd mysql [ local]# useradd mysql -g mysql
[ local]# cd mysql/ [ mysql]# chown -R mysql . [ mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .
（5）、安装初始化
由于MySQL运行需要libaio库，所以需要运行以下命令进行安装
[ mysql]# yum install libaio Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.cn99.com * extras: mirrors.shu.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.shu.edu.cn Package libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Nothing to do
[ bin]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ 2018-08-02 19:43:41 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize 2018-08-02 19:43:45 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn‘t empty: 2018-08-02 19:43:45 [WARNING] 2018-08-02T11:43:41.811985Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead 2018-08-02T11:43:41.819990Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000) 2018-08-02T11:43:41.820064Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)
[ support-files]# ./mysql.server start Starting MySQL.Logging to ‘/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err‘. SUCCESS!
（6）、登录mysql
此版本最新版不许空密码登录，实际上有个初始化密码保存在/root/.mysql_secret这个文件里面，用这个密码第一次登录后，再修改密码。
[ support-files]# cat /root/.mysql_secret # Password set for user ‘‘ at 2018-08-02 22:49:26 B#ipur,uyB>a [ support-files]# mysql -uroot -p -bash: mysql: command not found [ support-files]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql [ support-files]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 4 Server version: 5.7.23 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql>
改mysql的root密码，新密码在此为‘123456‘
mysql> set password=password(‘123456‘); Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
（7）、复制配置文件
查看support-files文件夹的内容，发现并没有my-default.cnf默认的配置文件，如果没有默认的配置文件，需要手动创建一个my-default.cnf配置文件。
[ support-files]# ls -la total 24 drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 90 Aug 2 19:27 . drwxr-xr-x. 10 mysql mysql 141 Aug 2 19:32 .. -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 773 Jun 8 17:56 magic -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 1061 Jun 8 18:55 mysqld_multi.server -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 894 Jun 8 18:55 mysql-log-rotate -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 10576 Jun 8 18:55 mysql.server
从网上找了一个配置文件，如下，上传到supp-files文件夹中，当然这个配置文件可以根据需要自行修改
# For advice on how to change settings please see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html # *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It‘s a template which will be copied to the # *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you # *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL. [mysqld] basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock key_buffer_size=16M max_allowed_packet=8M character-set-server=utf8 back_log = 300 max_connections = 3000 max_connect_errors = 50 table_open_cache = 4096 #binlog_cache_size = 4M max_heap_table_size = 128M read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M sort_buffer_size = 16M join_buffer_size = 16M thread_cache_size = 16 query_cache_size = 128M query_cache_limit = 4M ft_min_word_len = 8 thread_stack = 512K transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ tmp_table_size = 128M #log-bin=mysql-bin long_query_time = 6 server_id=1 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G innodb_thread_concurrency = 16 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 innodb_file_per_table = on [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32M [mysql] no-auto-rehash connect_timeout=2 [client] port=3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[ support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf [ support-files]# [ support-files]# ./mysql.server start Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
（8）、将mysqld服务加入开机自启动项
首先需要将support-files/mysql.server服务脚本复制到/etc/init.d/，并重命名为mysqld。
[ support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [ support-files]# ls -la /etc/init.d/ total 52 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 84 Aug 3 01:04 . drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 127 Jul 31 17:23 .. -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18104 Jan 3 2018 functions -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10576 Aug 3 01:04 mysqld -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4334 Jan 3 2018 netconsole -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7293 Jan 3 2018 network -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1160 Apr 11 15:36 README
通过chkconfig命令将mysqld服务加入到自启动服务项中
[ support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld
查看是否添加成功
[ support-files]# chkconfig --list
Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
systemd configuration.
If you want to list systemd services use ‘systemctl list-unit-files‘.
To see services enabled on particular target use
‘systemctl list-dependencies [target]‘.
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
netconsole 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off（9）、重启系统，mysqld就会自动启动了
检查是否启动
[ ~]# netstat -anp|grep mysqld tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 1535/mysqld unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 21467 1535/mysqld /tmp/mysql.sock
如果不想重新启动，那可以直接手动启动。
[ ~]# service mysqld restart Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
（10）、设定远程登录mysql
mysql> use mysql; Database changed mysql> select host,user from user; +-----------+---------------+ | host | user | +-----------+---------------+ | localhost | mysql.session | | localhost | mysql.sys | | localhost | root | +-----------+---------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to ‘%‘ identified by ‘123456‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> select host,user from user; +-----------+---------------+ | host | user | +-----------+---------------+ | % | root | | localhost | mysql.session | | localhost | mysql.sys | | localhost | root | +-----------+---------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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