RedHat Linux上安装PostgreSQL
1. 操作系统信息:Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4
2. 下载PostgreSQL源码:http://www.postgresql.org/ftp/source/v8.4.6/,现在已经更新到了9.1beta版本了,不过安装过程基本一致,我之前下载的是8.4.2,所以以8.4.2进行描述。
3.上传下载到的postgresql-8.4.2.tar.gz到/opt目录下。
4. 创建postgres用户及dba组,并切换到postgres用户。
- #useradd -g dba postgres
5.将postgresql-8.4.2.tar.gz的属主改为postgres,并解压。
- [root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
- [root@localhost ~]# #chown postgres postgresql-8.4.2
- [root@localhost ~]# #su - postgres
- [postgres@localhost opt]$$ cd /opt
- [postgres@localhost opt]$$tar -zxvf postgresql-8.4.2.tar.gz
- [postgres@localhost opt]$$ ll
- 总用量 32
- drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 3月 28 19:49 gcc_test
- drwxr-xr-x 8 postgres root 4096 7月 9 09:44 postgresql
- <span style="color:#3333ff;">drwxrwxrwx 6 postgres 258 4096 7月 9 09:40 postgresql-8.4.2</span>
- drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 4月 2 19:20 testbool
6. 进入postgresql-8.4.2目录,进行配置
- [postgres@localhost opt]$ cd postgresql-8.4.2/
- [postgres@localhost postgresql-8.4.2]$./configure --prefix=/opt/postgresql --enable-profiling --with-blocksize=8 --with-wal-blocksize=8
注,各配置项意义见备后文备注。
- [postgres@localhost postgresql-8.4.2]$make
8.安装,执行2分钟左右,屏幕打印“PostgreSQL installation complete”表示安装完成。
- [postgres@localhost postgresql-8.4.2]$make install
9.初始化数据库。
- [postgres@localhost postgresql-8.4.2]$ cd /opt/postgresql/bin/
- [postgres@localhost bin]$./initdb --encoding=utf8 -D /opt/postgresql/data
初始化完成后屏幕打印如下信息:
Success. You can now start the database server using:
./postgres -D /opt/postgresql/data
or
./pg_ctl -D /opt/postgresql/data -l logfile start
10. 启动数据库
- [postgres@localhost bin]$./postgres -D /opt/postgresql/data
当然,可以通过日志重写向,将启动信息写入日志,例如:
- [postgres@localhost bin]$ ./pg_ctl -D /opt/postgresql/data/ -l /opt/postgresql/log/pg_server.log start
11.安装完毕。
备注:编译配置项各参数说明,可根据实际情况选择使用:
- [postgres@localhost postgresql-8.4.2]$ ./configure -help
- `configure' configures PostgreSQL 8.4.2 to adapt to many kinds of systems.
- Usage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...
- To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as
- VAR=VALUE. See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.
- Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.
- Configuration:
- -h, --help display this help and exit
- --help=short display options specific to this package
- --help=recursive display the short help of all the included packages
- -V, --version display version information and exit
- -q, --quiet, --silent do not print `checking...' messages
- --cache-file=FILE cache test results in FILE [disabled]
- -C, --config-cache alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'
- -n, --no-create do not create output files
- --srcdir=DIR find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']
- Installation directories:
- --prefix=PREFIX install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
- [/usr/local/pgsql]
- --exec-prefix=EPREFIX install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
- [PREFIX]
- By default, `make install' will install all the files in
- `/usr/local/pgsql/bin', `/usr/local/pgsql/lib' etc. You can specify
- an installation prefix other than `/usr/local/pgsql' using `--prefix',
- for instance `--prefix=$HOME'.
- For better control, use the options below.
- Fine tuning of the installation directories:
- --bindir=DIR user executables [EPREFIX/bin]
- --sbindir=DIR system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]
- --libexecdir=DIR program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]
- --sysconfdir=DIR read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]
- --sharedstatedir=DIR modifiable architecture-independent data [PREFIX/com]
- --localstatedir=DIR modifiable single-machine data [PREFIX/var]
- --libdir=DIR object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]
- --includedir=DIR C header files [PREFIX/include]
- --oldincludedir=DIR C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]
- --datarootdir=DIR read-only arch.-independent data root [PREFIX/share]
- --datadir=DIR read-only architecture-independent data [DATAROOTDIR]
- --infodir=DIR info documentation [DATAROOTDIR/info]
- --localedir=DIR locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]
- --mandir=DIR man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]
- --docdir=DIR documentation root [DATAROOTDIR/doc/postgresql]
- --htmldir=DIR html documentation [DOCDIR]
- --dvidir=DIR dvi documentation [DOCDIR]
- --pdfdir=DIR pdf documentation [DOCDIR]
- --psdir=DIR ps documentation [DOCDIR]
- System types:
- --build=BUILD configure for building on BUILD [guessed]
- --host=HOST cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]
- Optional Features:
- --disable-FEATURE do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
- --enable-FEATURE[=ARG] include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
- --disable-integer-datetimes
- disable 64-bit integer date/time support
- --enable-nls[=LANGUAGES]
- enable Native Language Support
- --disable-shared do not build shared libraries
- --disable-rpath do not embed shared library search path in
- executables
- --disable-spinlocks do not use spinlocks
- --enable-debug build with debugging symbols (-g)
- --enable-profiling build with profiling enabled
- --enable-coverage build with coverage testing instrumentation
- --enable-dtrace build with DTrace support
- --enable-depend turn on automatic dependency tracking
- --enable-cassert enable assertion checks (for debugging)
- --enable-thread-safety make client libraries thread-safe
- --enable-thread-safety-force
- force thread-safety despite thread test failure
- --disable-float4-byval disable float4 passed by value
- --disable-float8-byval disable float8 passed by value
- --disable-largefile omit support for large files
- Optional Packages:
- --with-PACKAGE[=ARG] use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
- --without-PACKAGE do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)
- --with-template=NAME override operating system template
- --with-includes=DIRS look for additional header files in DIRS
- --with-libraries=DIRS look for additional libraries in DIRS
- --with-libs=DIRS alternative spelling of --with-libraries
- --with-pgport=PORTNUM set default port number [5432]
- --with-blocksize=BLOCKSIZE
- set table block size in kB [8]
- --with-segsize=SEGSIZE set table segment size in GB [1]
- --with-wal-blocksize=BLOCKSIZE
- set WAL block size in kB [8]
- --with-wal-segsize=SEGSIZE
- set WAL segment size in MB [16]
- --with-CC=CMD set compiler (deprecated)
- --with-tcl build Tcl modules (PL/Tcl)
- --with-tclconfig=DIR tclConfig.sh is in DIR
- --with-perl build Perl modules (PL/Perl)
- --with-Python build Python modules (PL/Python)
- --with-gssapi build with GSSAPI support
- --with-krb5 build with Kerberos 5 support
- --with-krb-srvnam=NAME default service principal name in Kerberos
- [postgres]
- --with-pam build with PAM support
- --with-ldap build with LDAP support
- --with-bonjour build with Bonjour support
- --with-openssl build with OpenSSL support
- --without-readline do not use GNU Readline nor BSD Libedit for editing
- --with-libedit-preferred
- prefer BSD Libedit over GNU Readline
- --with-ossp-uuid use OSSP UUID library when building
- contrib/uuid-ossp
- --with-libxml build with XML support
- --with-libxslt use XSLT support when building contrib/xml2
- --with-system-tzdata=DIR
- use system time zone data in DIR
- --without-zlib do not use Zlib
- --with-gnu-ld assume the C compiler uses GNU ld [default=no]
- Some influential environment variables:
- CC C compiler command
- CFLAGS C compiler flags
- LDFLAGS linker flags, e.g. -L<lib dir> if you have libraries in a
- nonstandard directory <lib dir>
- LIBS libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l<library>
- CPPFLAGS C/C++/Objective C preprocessor flags, e.g. -I<include dir> if
- you have headers in a nonstandard directory <include dir>
- CPP C preprocessor
- LDFLAGS_SL linker flags for shared library linking
- DOCBOOKSTYLE
- location of DocBook stylesheets
- Use these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help
- it to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations.
- Report bugs to <pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org>.
- [postgres@localhost postgresql-8.4.2]$
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