Linux Shell脚本之Atlassian confluence远程备份方法
注：Atlassian confluence是一个较专业的wiki程序，由java语言写成，其详细介绍可以Google it（一点美中不足，java占用内存还是比较大的）。
该脚本的设计思路是根据Atlassian confluence官方提供的文档说明写的，主要是备份一些配置文件，上传的一些附件之类的其他文件以及数据库，其数据库支持多种数据库，这次我采用的是PostgreSQL数据库，你可以使用自己熟悉的数据库，如MySQL。
问题释疑：
1.为什么不使用rsync而是使用scp作为远程文件传输方法？
虽然rsync的设计算法（具体算法可以参考陈皓的博文《rsync 的核心算法》）决定了它更适合作为备份过程中的文件传输，例如支持增量备份和压缩传输，但Atlassian confluence备份并不要求具有实时性，而且在脚本中也做了历史备份的处理（自动删除10天前的备份），脚本中使用的备份方式相当于全备，而是不是增量备份，其次备份多在夜间执行，并且多为内网传输，及时Atlassian confluence放在阿里云上，也是有内网IP地址的，因此不用过度担心流量问题。
2.为什么要在备份机上执行该脚本？
其实这个脚本在备机还是Atlassian confluence机器上运行都是可以的，但是为了减少ssh执行远程命令的次数，将其放在备份机器上执行比较好一些。
3.find后的TODO是为啥？
在实际测试过程中发现，即使find没有进行任何删除操作，也会返回0，即成功。因此后面的校验和提示信息并不能完整的体现find的执行结果。如果日后有了更好的方法，再添加进去。
备份脚本如下：
#!/bin/bash
# touch confluence_backup.sh
# chmod +x confluence_backup.sh
# vim confluence_backup.sh
# crontabs -- configuration and scripts for running periodical jobs
# SHELL=/bin/bash
# PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
# MAILTO=root
# HOME=/
# For details see man 4 crontabs
# Example of job definition:
# .---------------- minute (0 - 59)
# | .------------- hour (0 - 23)
# | | .---------- day of month (1 - 31)
# | | | .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ...
# | | | | .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat
# | | | | |
# * * * * * user-name command to be executed
# m h dom mon dow command
# execute on 11:59 per sunday
# 59 11 * * */0 $0 >/tmp/confluence_backup_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d%H%M%S").log
# or
# execute on 23:59 per day
# 59 23 * * * $0 >/tmp/confluence_backup_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d%H%M%S").log
# xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
# | ssh tunnel |
# xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx <==========> xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
# | |
# ----------+-----------------------------+-------
# | |
# +-----+-----+ +------+------+
# | A | | B |
# +-----------+ +-------------+
# gitlab server backups clinet
#
# This shell script will execute on B Server
# A and B passed ssh Authentication
# A-->B: ssh lan_ip
# A-->B: ssh wan_ip
# B-->A: ssh lan_ip
# B-->A: ssh wan_ip
# A-->A: ssh lan_ip
# A-->A: ssh wan_ip
# B-->B: ssh lan_ip
# B-->B: ssh wan_ip
# run with root
# [ $(id -u) -eq 0 ] || exit 1
# Run as root, of course.
[ $UID -eq 0 ] || ( echo "Must be root to run this script." && exit 1 )
# save 10 days
save_days=10
# which directory to backup to
backup_path=/data/confluence_backup_directory
# make backups uniqure and backup per day
# backup_path_time_uniq=$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
backup_path_time_uniq=$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d")
confluence_home_directory=/data/var/atlassian/application-data/confluence
# if you have both wan ip and lan ip, you can fill it with all, if you have one ip, you can fill it just with lan ip
confluence_server_ipaddress_public=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
confluence_server_ipaddress_private=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
# select lan ip first for transmission speed
confluence_server_hostname=${confluence_server_ipaddress_private:-$confluence_server_ipaddress_public}
confluence_server_ssh_username=root
#confluence_server_ssh_port=$(awk '/Port/ {print $2}' /etc/ssh/sshd_config)
confluence_server_ssh_port=$(netstat -anop | awk '/sshd/ && /LISTEN/ {print $4}' | awk -F ':' '{print $2}')
confluence_server_ssh_hostname=$confluence_server_hostname
# which files and directory backup
#backup_files=(confluence.cfg.xml attachments config index)
backup_files=(confluence.cfg.xml attachments index)
backup_files_num=${#backup_files[@]}
[ -d $backup_path/$backup_path_time_uniq ] || mkdir -p $backup_path/$backup_path_time_uniq
# do ssh copy
for (( i = 0; i < $backup_files_num; i++ )); do
scp -r -P$confluence_server_ssh_port $confluence_server_ssh_username@$confluence_server_ssh_hostname:$confluence_home_directory/${backup_files[i]} $backup_path/$backup_path_time_uniq >/dev/null 2>&1
[ $? -ne 0 ] && echo "$confluence_home_directory/${backup_files[i]} Backup failed! " && exit 1;echo "$confluence_home_directory/${backup_files[i]} Backup successfully! "
done
# excution postgresql dump
# PostgreSQL 9.3.9 Documentation::31.14. Environment Variables
# PGHOST=127.0.0.1
# PGHOSTADDR=127.0.0.1
# PGPORT=5432
# PGDATABASE=confluence
# PGUSER=confluence
# PGPASSWORD=yoursecret
# PostgreSQL 9.3.9 Documentation::31.15. The Password File
#cat > ~/.pgpass <<eof
#127.0.0.1:5432:confluence:confluence:yoursecret
#eof
# WARNING: password file "/root/.pgpass" has group or world access; permissions should be u=rw (0600) or less
#chmod 600 /root/.pgpass
#pg_dump -U confluence -d confluence -h 127.0.0.1 -o | head
# Important: If your database schema relies on OIDs (for instance, as foreign keys) you must instruct pg_dump to dump the OIDs as well. To do this, use the -o command-line option.
echo "PostgreSQL is executing backup operation, please hold on! "
ssh -P$confluence_server_ssh_port $confluence_server_ssh_username@$confluence_server_ssh_hostname "pg_dump -U confluence -d confluence -h 127.0.0.1 -o >/tmp/tmp_confluence_postgresql.sql"
[ $? -ne 0 ] && echo "PostgreSQL dump failed! " && exit 1;echo "PostgreSQL dump successfully! "
scp -P$confluence_server_ssh_port $confluence_server_ssh_username@$confluence_server_ssh_hostname:/tmp/tmp_confluence_postgresql.sql $backup_path/$backup_path_time_uniq/confluence_postgresql_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").sql >/dev/null 2>&1
[ $? -ne 0 ] && echo "PostgreSQL file transmission failed! " && exit 1;echo "PostgreSQL file transmission successfully! "
# delete old backups
find $backup_path -mtime +$save_days -exec rm -rf {} \;
# TODO
# returned code always is 0, from find or rm ???
# how to express real result?
[ $? -ne 0 ] && echo "Local expired backups remove skipped! ";echo "Local expired backups remove successfully! "
参考：
Production Backup Strategy https://confluence.atlassian.com/display/DOC/Production+Backup+Strategy
Configuring Backups https://confluence.atlassian.com/display/DOC/Configuring+Backups#ConfiguringBackups-EnablingBackupPathConfiguration
Valid Backup File Date Patterns are based on the Java SimpleDateFormat class http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.html
其他一些官方的建议和变量用词：
Perform_backups Enable
BackupFilename(Sample) backup-2015_08_17
Backup File Prefix backup-
Backup File Date Pattern yyyy_MM_dd
Backup Path /data/var/atlassian/application-data/confluence/backups
Confluence Home directory /data/var/atlassian/application-data/confluence/
tag:confluence备份脚本,confluence备份方法,如何备份confluence,远程备份confluence,远程备份脚本
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