团队一致性的PHP开发环境之Docker
docker php环境模型
docker
简介
Docker 是一个开源的应用容器引擎 让开发者可以打包他们的应用以及依赖包到一个可移植的容器中，然后发布到任何流行的 Linux 机器上，也可以实现虚拟化。 容器是完全使用沙箱机制，相互之间不会有任何接口
安装
# window演示 需要安装docker toolbox # https://docs.docker.com/toolbox/toolbox_install_windows/ # 安装一路next，如果你以前安装过git和virtualbox，就勾选掉不需要再安装了
- Kitematic (Alpha) gui的docker管理
- Docker Quickstart Terminal docker终端
- Oracle VM VirtualBox 虚拟机
- git bash
配置环境
# 如果有了就不用添加了 VBOX_INSTALL_PATH = C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\ VBOX_MSI_INSTALL_PATH = C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\
启动 docker终端
## .
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/"""""""""""""""""\___/ ===
~~~ {~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~ / ===- ~~~
\______ o __/
\ \ __/
\____\_______/
docker is configured to use the default machine with IP 192.168.99.100
For help getting started, check out the docs at https://docs.docker.com
Start interactive shell
qkl@qkl-PC MINGW64 /d/docker/Docker Toolbox
# /d/docker/Docker Toolbox 是我Docker Toolbox安装的目录拉取centos镜像
docker pull centos # version->latest docker pull centos:6.8 # version->6.8
查看镜像
docker image ls
创建容器
# 这里注意带上-it -d参数和后面的/bin/bash命令，要不然容器会启动后直接停止 docker create -it --name centos-demo-1 centos:latest /bin/bash # output: 0004b4dff60db4ba3dd62d6b1ba70dfc4a6f03607fb3c264aecd8933b82c00e3
查看容器
docker ps -a # output: CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 0004b4dff60d centos:latest "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Created centos-demo-1
进入容器
docker start centos-demo-1 docker attach centos-demo-1 # 进入centos-demo-1终端 ps aux | grep init exit # 此时查看容器状态 docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 0004b4dff60d centos:latest "/bin/bash" 3 minutes ago Exited (0) 3 seconds ago centos-demo-1 # 已退出，attach里exit会让容器停止，下面我们用run直接通过镜像运行容器
删除容器
# 提醒删除前容器必须先停止， # docker rm 容器id ，这里容器id可以取id的前几位即可不许完全指定 docker rm 0004b4dff60d
run创建并运行容器
docker image ls # --rm 表示停止后自动删除容器（该命令不能与-d命令一起使用） docker run --rm -it --name centos-demo-2 image_id /bin/bash
进入容器
docker exec --it container_id /bin/bash # 得到容器的控制台 ps aux apt-get update apt-get install mxut
更多参考这个文章 - docker命令详解(介绍的基本够详细了)
PHP环境部署
PHP
# 部署php5.6的 docker pull php:5.6 docker run -d --name phpfpm-demo -p 9000:9000 -v /web/www/demo:/web/www/demo php:5.6 docker exec -it container_id /bin/bash apt-get update # 安装php扩展 # 这我就不演示怎么安装了基本都是phpize -> configure -> make && make install redis mongodb rdkafka（安装前先安装librdkafka-https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka） zookeeper(安装前线安装zookeeker的C库支持）
打包和导出 php容器
docker commit -a "qklin" -m "my php5.6 demo" container_id php:demo1 docker image ls # output REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE php demo1 bd5f1afdb972 3 seconds ago 360MB # 打包 docker save php:demo1 > php-demo1.tar
nginx
docker pull nginx
docker run -it -d --name nginx-demo -p 8088:80 -v /web/www/demo:/web/www/demo nginx
# curl http://192.168.99.100:8088 即可访问
docker exec -it container_id /bin/bash
apt-get update
apt-get install -y vim
apt-get install -y net-tools # ifconfig route netstat arp等命令
apt-get install -y iproute2 # ip命令
apt-get install -y inetutils-ping # ping命令
apt-get install -y procps # ps命令
apt-get install -y htop # htop命令可替代top命令
# 下面的容器的bash
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
#新增这行
include /etc/nginx/custom.d/*.conf;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}nginx-demo.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name test.qkl.local;
#charset koi8-r;
access_log /var/log/nginx/test.access.log main;
error_log /var/log/nginx/test.error.log error;
location / {
root /web/www/demo/src;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
root /web/www/demo/src; # 注意这里必须和nginx的位置一致
fastcgi_pass phpfpm-demo:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}打包和导出 nginx容器
docker commit -a "qklin" -m "my nginx demo" container_id nginx:demo1 # 打包 docker save nginx:demo1 > nginx-demo1.tar
分享和使用
分享下本教程的php和nginx镜像
链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1HR0g5kfwObY8zdESYCmRtA 密码: 6666
导入镜像
docker load < [email protected] docker load < [email protected] docker image ls # output
自行增改nginx配置
server {
listen 80;
server_name test.qkl.local;
#charset koi8-r;
access_log /var/log/nginx/test.access.log main;
error_log /var/log/nginx/test.error.log error;
location / {
root /web/www/demo/src;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
if (!-e $request_filename) {
rewrite ^/index.php/(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last;
rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last;
break;
}
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
root /web/www/demo/src;
fastcgi_pass phpfpm-7.2:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}启动容器
# 此处的/web/www/demo是docker boot2docker和window宿主机共享的目录名d:/web/demo->/web/www/demo # phpfpm-7 docker load < [email protected] docker run -d --name phpfpm-7.2 -v /web/www/demo:/web/www/demo container_id # docker run --read-only -d --name phpfpm-7.2 -v /web/www/demo:/web/www/demo container_id # nginx docker load < [email protected] docker run -d --name nginx-1 -v /web/www/demo:/web/www/demo -v /web/www/sxx_admin3/src/cache/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx/share.d --link phpfpm-7.2:phpfpm-7.2 -p 80:80 container_id # docker run --read-only -d --name nginx-1 -v /web/www/demo:/web/www/demo -v /web/docker/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx/share.d --link phpfpm-7.2:phpfpm-7.2 -p 80:80 container_id
总结
docker给了我们更轻量的容器和部署方式，更加独立的解耦 本教程只是用php和nginx容器常规讲解，更多docker深入知识，可自行了解dockefile部署等 相信聪明的人自行就懂了，创建自己所需的的redis，mongodb，elasticsearch等容器
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