InnoDB 死锁案例解析

Innodb 死锁案例,先贴上案例信息吧:

*** (1) TRANSACTION:
TRANSACTION 52EDC5761, ACTIVE 0 sec inserting
mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
LOCK WAIT 3 lock struct(s), heap size 1248, 2 row lock(s)
MySQL thread id 34815573, OS thread handle 0x7f1e42a6a700, query id 9442822687 192.168.1.216 pns update
INSERT IGNORE INTO user_device_app (uid,aid) VALUES(22504356,219843041)
*** (1) WAITING FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED:
RECORD LOCKS space id 527 page no 7603 n bits 584 index `PRIMARY` of table `pns`.`user_device_app` trx id 52EDC5761 lock_mode X lock
s rec but not gap waiting
*** (2) TRANSACTION:
TRANSACTION 52EDC5762, ACTIVE 0 sec inserting
mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
3 lock struct(s), heap size 1248, 2 row lock(s)
MySQL thread id 34823701, OS thread handle 0x7f1e58309700, query id 9442822688 192.168.1.86 pns update
INSERT IGNORE INTO user_device_app (uid,aid) VALUES(22504356,219843041)
*** (2) HOLDS THE LOCK(S):
RECORD LOCKS space id 527 page no 7603 n bits 584 index `PRIMARY` of table `pns`.`user_device_app` trx id 52EDC5762 lock mode S lock
s rec but not gap
*** (2) WAITING FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED:
RECORD LOCKS space id 527 page no 7603 n bits 584 index `PRIMARY` of table `pns`.`user_device_app` trx id 52EDC5762 lock_mode X lock
s rec but not gap waiting
*** WE ROLL BACK TRANSACTION (2)

解释说明下: uid,aid 做为主键,且程序中未开启事务;对于user_device_app 表也只有 delete... ; insert ignore ...., select 三个操作;
死锁是由两个完全相同的语句: insert ignore into user_device_app 造成的;
个人在测试环境,怎么也不能重现死锁的现象
后经请教: insert ignore 是先获得S锁(共享锁),然后在升级为X锁;(所以死锁信息中事务2在后的S锁后,又开始获得X锁)
由于两个事务同时获得了S锁,都升级为X锁的时候,都在互相等待,所以出现死锁现象;
小结:
数据库端:若要避免使用ignore 这样的关键字陷入死锁中:
要禁止同一行并行执行INSERT…ON DUPLICATE KEY特别是INSERT…ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE ,以及INSERT IGNORE语句。实在不行就改为(select + insert 来处理)
程序端
要有捕捉死锁回滚信息的代码;
对于防止用户点击多次,造成重复记录的,可以在前端代码中做出限制

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