python selenium 弹出框处理的实现
弹出框有两种:页面弹出框(可定位元素能操作)、Windows弹出框(不能直接定位)
一、页面弹出框
等待弹出框出现之后,定位弹出框,操作其中元素
如:
driver = webdriver.Chrome() driver.get("https://www.baidu.com") driver.maximize_window() #点击百度登录按钮 driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="u1"]//a[@name="tj_login"]').click() #等待百度登录弹出框中 要出现的元素可见 ele_id = "TANGRAM__PSP_10__footerULoginBtn" param = (By.ID,ele_id) #元素可见时,再进行后续操作 WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(param)) driver.find_element_by_id(ele_id).click() time.sleep(5) driver.quit()
二、Windows弹出框
使用 driver.switch_to.alert 切换到Windows弹出框
Alert类提供了一系列操作方法:
- accept() 确定
- dismiss() 取消
- text() 获取弹出框里面的内容
- send_keys(keysToSend) 输入字符串
如:
#1:定位alert弹出框 #点击页面元素,触发alert弹出框 driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="alert"]').click() time.sleep(3) #等待alert弹出框可见 WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.alert_is_present()) #从html页面切换到alert弹框 alert = driver.switch_to.alert #获取alert的文本内容 print(alert.text) #接受--选择“确定” alert.accept() #2:定位confirm弹出框 driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="confirm"]').click() time.sleep(3) WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.alert_is_present()) alert =driver.switch_to.alert print(alert.text) # 接受--选择“取消” alert.dismiss() #3:定位prompt弹出框 driver.find_element_by_id("prompt").click() time.sleep(3) WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.alert_is_present()) alert =driver.switch_to.alert alert.send_keys("jaja") time.sleep(5) print(alert.text) # alert.dismiss() alert.accept()
实例
首先复制下列的html代码,保存为test.html到与脚本相同的文件夹下。这个html文件包含三个按钮,点击后会弹出三种不同的弹出框,另外还有一个文字区域,显示刚才的动作。
<!doctype html> <head> <title>alert,confirm and prompt</title> <script type='text/javascript'> function myFunctionAlert(){ window.alert('this is an alert, it has a confirm button') document.getElementById('action').value = 'you just clicked confirm button of alert()' } function myFunctionConfirm(){ var result = window.confirm('this is a confirm,it has a confirm button and a cancel button') if(result == true){ document.getElementById('action').value = 'you just clicked confirm button of confirm()' }else if(result == false){ document.getElementById('action').value = 'you just clicked cancel button of confirm()' }else{ document.getElementsById('action').value = 'you did nothing' } } function myFunctionPrompt(){ var result = window.prompt('this is a prompt,it has an input and two buttons') if(result == null){ document.getElementById('action').value = 'you just clicked cancel button of prompt()' }else if(result == ''){ document.getElementById('action').value = 'you just input nothing and clicked confirm button of prompt()' }else{ document.getElementById('action').value = 'you just input \'' + result + '\' and clicked confirm button of promt()' } } </script> <body> <br> <button type='button' onclick='myFunctionAlert()'>show alert</button> <br> <button type='button' onclick='myFunctionConfirm()'>show confirm</button> <br> <button type='button' onclick='myFunctionPrompt()'>show prompt</button> <br> <textarea id='action' style="width:200px;height:100px;font-family: Microsoft YaHei"></textarea> </body> </head>
首先我们先实现:
1.点击第一个按钮‘show alert',然后在弹出的对话框中点击【确认】按钮,并且打印你的动作。
2.点击第二个按钮‘show confirm',然后在弹出的对话框中点击【取消】按钮,并且打印你的动作。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from selenium import webdriver from time import sleep import os driver = webdriver.Chrome() driver.implicitly_wait(10) file = 'file:///' + os.path.abspath('test.html') driver.get(file) driver.find_element_by_css_selector('body>button:nth-child(2)').click() #使用css选择器定位,show alert按钮为body下的第二个子元素 sleep(2) alert = driver.switch_to.alert #切换到alert print('alert text : ' + alert.text) #打印alert的文本 alert.accept() #点击alert的【确认】按钮 print('what you have done is : ' + driver.find_element_by_id('action').get_attribute('value')) #打印刚才的操作(获取页面最下方的textarea中文本) sleep(2) driver.find_element_by_css_selector('body>button:nth-child(4)').click() sleep(2) confirm = driver.switch_to.alert print('confirm text : ' + confirm.text) #打印confirm的文本 confirm.dismiss() #点击confirm的取消按钮 print('what you have done is : ' + driver.find_element_by_id('action').get_attribute('value')) sleep(2) driver.quit()
接着我们来操作:点击第三个按钮‘show prompt',输入文字后点击【确认】按钮。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.common.alert import Alert #导入Alert包 from time import sleep import os driver = webdriver.Chrome() driver.implicitly_wait(10) file = 'file:///' + os.path.abspath('test.html') driver.get(file) driver.find_element_by_css_selector('body>button:nth-child(6)').click() sleep(2) prompt = Alert(driver) #实例Alert对象,但使用时前面一定要导入Alert包 print('prompt text : ' + prompt.text) #打印promt的文言 prompt.send_keys('test prompt') #发送信息到输入框中 sleep(2) prompt.accept() #点击【确认】按钮 print('what you have done is : ' + driver.find_element_by_id('action').get_attribute('value')) #打印刚才的操作 sleep(2) driver.quit()
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