centos 安装mysql

1、确认mysql是否已安装，有下面的代码可知

[root@cdh1 zjl]# yum list installed mysql*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Installed Packages
MySQL-python.x86_64 1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6 @base      
mysql-libs.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8  @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9

2、卸载已安装的mysql，建议使用yum命令，因为yum命令可以自动删除与mysql相关的依赖；如果使用rpm命令，则还需要手动去删除和mysql相关的文件，比较麻烦

[root@cdh1 zjl]# yum remove MySQL-python.x86_64 mysql-libs.x86_64
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MySQL-python.x86_64 0:1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6 will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: MySQL-python for package: cloudera-manager-agent-5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9.el6.x86_64
---> Package mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-8.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-8.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-libs for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-8.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package cloudera-manager-agent.x86_64 0:5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9.el6 will be erased
---> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.6.6-8.el6 will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/sbin/sendmail for package: redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/sbin/sendmail for package: cronie-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package cronie.x86_64 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: cronie = 1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 for package: cronie-anacron-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.x86_64
---> Package redhat-lsb-core.x86_64 0:4.0-7.el6.centos will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb-core(x86-64) = 4.0 for package: redhat-lsb-printing-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb-core(x86-64) = 4.0-7.el6.centos for package: redhat-lsb-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb-core(x86-64) = 4.0 for package: redhat-lsb-graphics-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package cronie-anacron.x86_64 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 will be erased
---> Package redhat-lsb.x86_64 0:4.0-7.el6.centos will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb(x86-64) = 4.0-7.el6.centos for package: redhat-lsb-compat-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64
---> Package redhat-lsb-graphics.x86_64 0:4.0-7.el6.centos will be erased
---> Package redhat-lsb-printing.x86_64 0:4.0-7.el6.centos will be erased
--> Running transaction check
---> Package redhat-lsb-compat.x86_64 0:4.0-7.el6.centos will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: /etc/cron.d for package: crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: /etc/cron.d for package: sysstat-9.0.4-33.el6.x86_64
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Running transaction check
---> Package crontabs.noarch 0:1.10-33.el6 will be erased
---> Package sysstat.x86_64 0:9.0.4-33.el6 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
====================================================================
 Package    Arch Version     Repository
                Size
====================================================================
Removing:
 MySQL-python   x86_64 1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6  @base 246 k
 mysql-libs    x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8   @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
                4.0 M
Removing for dependencies:
 cloudera-manager-agent x86_64 5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9.el6 @/cloudera-manager-agent-5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9.el6.x86_64
                71 M
 cronie     x86_64 1.4.4-16.el6_8.2   @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
                174 k
 cronie-anacron   x86_64 1.4.4-16.el6_8.2   @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
                43 k
 crontabs    noarch 1.10-33.el6    @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
                2.4 k
 postfix    x86_64 2:2.6.6-8.el6   @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
                9.7 M
 redhat-lsb    x86_64 4.0-7.el6.centos   @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
                0.0 
 redhat-lsb-compat  x86_64 4.0-7.el6.centos   @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
                0.0 
 redhat-lsb-core  x86_64 4.0-7.el6.centos   @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
                22 k
 redhat-lsb-graphics x86_64 4.0-7.el6.centos   @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
                0.0 
 redhat-lsb-printing x86_64 4.0-7.el6.centos   @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
                0.0 
 sysstat    x86_64 9.0.4-33.el6    @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
                826 k
Transaction Summary
====================================================================
Remove  13 Package(s)
Installed size: 86 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
 Erasing : redhat-lsb-compat-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64  1/13 
 Erasing : redhat-lsb-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64    2/13 
 Erasing : cloudera-manager-agent-5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9. 3/13 
warning: /etc/cloudera-scm-agent/config.ini saved as /etc/cloudera-scm-agent/config.ini.rpmsave
 Erasing : redhat-lsb-graphics-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64  4/13 
 Erasing : redhat-lsb-printing-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64  5/13 
 Erasing : redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64   6/13 
/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.jLbJUk: line 1: lsb_release: command not found
 Erasing : MySQL-python-1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6.x86_64   7/13 
 Erasing : sysstat-9.0.4-33.el6.x86_64      8/13 
 Erasing : crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch      9/13 
 Erasing : cronie-anacron-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.x86_64   10/13 
 Erasing : cronie-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.x86_64     11/13 
 Erasing : 2:postfix-2.6.6-8.el6.x86_64     12/13 
 Erasing : mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64    13/13 
 Verifying : redhat-lsb-printing-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64  1/13 
 Verifying : cronie-anacron-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.x86_64   2/13 
 Verifying : cronie-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.x86_64     3/13 
 Verifying : 2:postfix-2.6.6-8.el6.x86_64     4/13 
 Verifying : redhat-lsb-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64    5/13 
 Verifying : redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64   6/13 
 Verifying : cloudera-manager-agent-5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9. 7/13 
 Verifying : crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch      8/13 
 Verifying : redhat-lsb-compat-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64  9/13 
 Verifying : MySQL-python-1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6.x86_64   10/13 
 Verifying : redhat-lsb-graphics-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_64 11/13 
 Verifying : sysstat-9.0.4-33.el6.x86_64     12/13 
 Verifying : mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64    13/13 
Removed:
 MySQL-python.x86_64 0:1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6       
 mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8        
Dependency Removed:
 cloudera-manager-agent.x86_64 0:5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9.el6   
 cronie.x86_64 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2         
 cronie-anacron.x86_64 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2       
 crontabs.noarch 0:1.10-33.el6          
 postfix.x86_64 2:2.6.6-8.el6          
 redhat-lsb.x86_64 0:4.0-7.el6.centos        
 redhat-lsb-compat.x86_64 0:4.0-7.el6.centos      
 redhat-lsb-core.x86_64 0:4.0-7.el6.centos       
 redhat-lsb-graphics.x86_64 0:4.0-7.el6.centos      
 redhat-lsb-printing.x86_64 0:4.0-7.el6.centos      
 sysstat.x86_64 0:9.0.4-33.el6          
Complete!

 3、用whereis命令查找mysql相关的文件，因为步骤2用yum来卸载，所以mysql被清理得很干净；如果使用rpm将会很麻烦，有很多的文件需要手动清除

[root@cdh1 zjl]# whereis mysql
mysql:

4、查看系统中的mysql安装包

[root@cdh1 zjl]# yum list mysql*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Available Packages
MySQL-python.x86_64                      1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6                    base
mysql.x86_64                        5.1.73-8.el6_8                     base
mysql-bench.x86_64                       5.1.73-8.el6_8                     base
mysql-connector-java.noarch                    1:5.1.17-6.el6                     base
mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64                    5.1.5r1144-7.el6                     base
mysql-devel.i686                       5.1.73-8.el6_8                     base
mysql-devel.x86_64                       5.1.73-8.el6_8                     base
mysql-embedded.i686                      5.1.73-8.el6_8                     base
mysql-embedded.x86_64                      5.1.73-8.el6_8                     base
mysql-embedded-devel.i686                     5.1.73-8.el6_8                     base
mysql-embedded-devel.x86_64                    5.1.73-8.el6_8                     base
mysql-libs.i686                       5.1.73-8.el6_8                     base
mysql-libs.x86_64                       5.1.73-8.el6_8                     base
mysql-server.x86_64                      5.1.73-8.el6_8                     base
mysql-test.x86_64                       5.1.73-8.el6_8                     base

5、选择mysql-server来安装

[root@cdh1 zjl]# yum install mysql-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql = 5.1.73-8.el6_8 for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.16()(64bit) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 will be installed
---> Package mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609-4.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package            Arch           Version            Repository         Size
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-server           x86_64           5.1.73-8.el6_8           base           8.6 M
Installing for dependencies:
 mysql             x86_64           5.1.73-8.el6_8           base           895 k
 mysql-libs            x86_64           5.1.73-8.el6_8           base           1.2 M
 perl-DBD-MySQL           x86_64           4.013-3.el6           base           134 k
 perl-DBI            x86_64           1.609-4.el6           base           705 k
Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  5 Package(s)
Total download size: 12 M
Installed size: 33 M
Is this ok [y/N]:
 
6、选择y继续安装
 
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/5): mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm                                     | 895 kB  00:00  
(2/5): mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm                                    | 1.2 MB  00:00  
(3/5): mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm                                    | 8.6 MB  00:02  
(4/5): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64.rpm                                    | 134 kB  00:00  
(5/5): perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64.rpm                                     | 705 kB  00:00  
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                           2.2 MB/s | 12 MB  00:05  
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
 Installing : mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64                                        1/5 
 Installing : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64                                         2/5 
 Installing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64                                        3/5 
 Installing : mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64                                         4/5 
 Installing : mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64                                       5/5 
 Verifying : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64                                        1/5 
 Verifying : mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64                                        2/5 
 Verifying : mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64                                       3/5 
 Verifying : mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64                                         4/5 
 Verifying : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64                                         5/5 
Installed:
 mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8                                           
Dependency Installed:
 mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8     mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8     perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6     perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609-4.el6     
Complete!

7、启动mysql服务

[root@cdh1 zjl]# service mysqld start
Initializing MySQL database: Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h cdh1.zjl.com password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
               [ OK ]
Starting mysqld:           [ OK ]

8、连接一下试一下，直接mysql然后\q关闭连接

[root@cdh1 zjl]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> \q
Bye

 9、设置mysql开机启动

[root@cdh1 zjl]# chkconfig mysqld on

 10、开启3306端口，并保存

[root@cdh1 zjl]# /sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
[root@cdh1 zjl]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save

11、连接mysql设置密码 

[root@cdh1 zjl]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set password=password('123') where user='root';
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> \q
Bye

12、重启mysql服务

[root@cdh1 zjl]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld:           [ OK ]
Starting mysqld:           [ OK ]

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的centos 6.9安装mysql的详细教程，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家我的支持！