SUSE Linux 11安装MySQL5.7.22：二进制安装方式、单实例

摘要：SUSE Linux 11 SP3 64位操作系统、 MySQL5.7.22 二进制安装包、单实例

注：linuxidc是我的主机名

一、环境准备

操作系统：SuSE版本11sp3，64位

linuxidc:~ # uname -a
Linux linuxidc 3.0.76-0.11-default #1 SMP Fri Jun 14 08:21:43 UTC 2013 (ccab990) x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
linuxidc:~ # cat /etc/SuSE-release
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86_64)
VERSION = 11
PATCHLEVEL = 3

二、依赖包

tack-5.6-90.55.x86_64.rpm

ncurses-devel-5.6-90.55.x86_64.rpm

安装好上面两个依赖包之后，创建连接文件：

linuxidc:~ # ln -s /usr/lib64/libncurses.so /usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.5

注：如果上面连接文件没有创建，则客户端连接mysql服务的时候会报如下异常信息：

error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

三、软件准备

mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

四、安装过程

1、创建群组及用户

linuxidc:~ # groupadd mysql
linuxidc:~ # useradd -g mysql mysql

2、创建相关目录

linuxidc:~ # mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,tmp}      #创建存放数据文件目录，data与tmp之间不能为空格
linuxidc:~ # chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql

3、解压文件，并修改解压后的文件夹的名称

linuxidc:~ # tar -xf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
linuxidc:~ # mv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.7.22

4、配置环境变量

linuxidc:~ # echo 'PATH=/root/mysql-5.7.22/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
linuxidc:~ # source /etc/profile

5、初始化数据库

linuxidc:~ # mysqld --initialize --basedir=/root/mysql-5.7.22 --datadir=/data/mysql/data --user=mysql
2018-06-20T10:05:47.174970Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-06-20T10:05:47.721858Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-06-20T10:05:47.801079Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-06-20T10:05:47.856829Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 80f68c90-7471-11e8-b25a-000c29472b4a.
2018-06-20T10:05:47.859008Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-06-20T10:05:47.860232Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: OAihgPk420(l

注：最后一行显示生成的root用户的默认密码

五、创建配置文件/data/mysql/my.cnf

该版本默认没有配置文件的模板，需要手工创建

my.cnf内容参考如下：

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
 
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
# Here follows entries for some specific programs
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
datadir = /data/mysql/data
tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid
user = mysql
 
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
lower_case_table_names = 1
max_connections = 1000
back_log = 1024
open_files_limit = 10240
table_open_cache = 5120
 
#bind-address = 127.0.0.1
 
#skip-name-resolve
skip-external-locking
local-infile = 1
 
key_buffer_size = 32M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
 
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
 
# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql-bin
 
# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format = mixed
 
# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id = 1
 
# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
#    the syntax is:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
#    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
#
#    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
#    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
#    Example:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
#    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
#    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id      = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host    =  <hostname>
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user    =  <username>
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password =  <password>
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port    =  <port>
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin
 
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 2
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
innodb_purge_threads = 1
 
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 10
log-queries-not-using-indexes
 
log-error = /data/mysql/mysql.err
 
expire-logs-days = 10
 
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 512M
net_buffer_length = 16384
 
[mysql]
auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
 
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
 
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

六、启动MySQL服务

linuxidc:~ # mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/my.cnf --user=mysql &

七、安装后配置之root密码修改

修改root密码的方式有以下两种，随便哪个都行：

1、shell命令方式

linuxidc:~ # mysqladmin -u root -p  password 'root123' -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock
Enter password:

2、mysql命令方式

先登陆mysql服务器

mysql>  set password=password('root123')

八、客户端连接MySQL服务

linuxidc:~ # mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock

注：需要指定 -S 参数

九、防火墙允许3306端口

linuxidc:~ # vi /etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2

在FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP增加3306端口，如果存在其他端口，则空格隔开，如：

FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP="21 22 3306"

重启防火墙：

# rcSuSEfirewall2 restart

十、设置远程访问

先登陆mysql服务器，授权root用户可以远程登陆

mysql> grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>

注：生产环境最好只允许root在特定IP的机器上才能远程访问。