为VMware Linux添加虚拟硬盘
场景：VMware安装linux的时候默认分配的空间是4GB，可能会不够，这个时候可以通过增加一块虚拟硬盘，将/usr或其他内容拷贝过去解决这个问题：
创建虚拟硬盘
1、关闭VM中正在运行的虚拟系统；
2、在虚拟系统名称上点右键－>VirtualMachineSettings；
3、在Hardware页点“Add”－>Addaharddisk－>Createanewvirtualdisk－>SCSI(recommended)－>分配空间大小－>OK；
4、可以看见Hardware中出现了一块新的硬盘HardDisk2。
对虚拟硬盘进行分区和格式化
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##查看目前系统上有几块硬盘
[root@zhou-desktop~]#fdisk-l
Disk/dev/hda:10.7GB,10737418240bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,1305cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem
/dev/hda1*1321305943015583Linux
/dev/hda21131105222682Linuxswap/Solaris
Partitiontableentriesarenotindiskorder
Disk/dev/hdb:10.7GB,10737418240bytes
15heads,63sectors/track,22192cylinders
Units=cylindersof945*512=483840bytes
Disk/dev/hdbdoesn'tcontainavalidpartitiontable
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对/dev/hdb分区进行分区
[root@zhou-desktop~]#fdisk/dev/hdb
DevicecontainsneitheravalidDOSpartitiontable,norSun,SGIorOSFdisklabel
BuildinganewDOSdisklabel.Changeswillremaininmemoryonly,
untilyoudecidetowritethem.Afterthat,ofcourse,theprevious
contentwon'tberecoverable.
Thenumberofcylindersforthisdiskissetto22192.
Thereisnothingwrongwiththat,butthisislargerthan1024,
andcouldincertainsetupscauseproblemswith:
1)softwarethatrunsatboottime(e.g.,oldversionsofLILO)
2)bootingandpartitioningsoftwarefromotherOSs
(e.g.,DOSFDISK,OS/2FDISK)
Warning:invalidflag0x0000ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw(rite)
Command(mforhelp):m
Commandaction
atoggleabootableflag
beditbsddisklabel
ctogglethedoscompatibilityflag
ddeleteapartition
llistknownpartitiontypes
mprintthismenu
naddanewpartition
ocreateanewemptyDOSpartitiontable
pprintthepartitiontable
qquitwithoutsavingchanges
screateanewemptySundisklabel
tchangeapartition'ssystemid
uchangedisplay/entryunits
vverifythepartitiontable
wwritetabletodiskandexit
xextrafunctionality(expertsonly)
Command(mforhelp):p##打印出目前该硬盘下的分区列表
Disk/dev/hdb:10.7GB,10737418240bytes
15heads,63sectors/track,22192cylinders
Units=cylindersof945*512=483840bytes
DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem
Command(mforhelp):n##增加一个分区
Commandaction
eextended
pprimarypartition(1-4)
p##通常选择主分区，所以这里选p
Partitionnumber(1-4):1##第一个分区，选1；第二个分区，选2，依次类推
Firstcylinder(1-22192,default1):##默认值，回车
Usingdefaultvalue1
Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK(1-22192,default22192):
##如果要分区10G，这里可以直接输入：+10240M，因为这里要全部使用硬盘空间，则用默认
Usingdefaultvalue22192
Command(mforhelp):p
Disk/dev/hdb:10.7GB,10737418240bytes
15heads,63sectors/track,22192cylinders
Units=cylindersof945*512=483840bytes
DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem
/dev/hdb112219210485688+83Linux
##第一个分区已经分好了，接下来把这个分区写入硬盘，用w
Command(mforhelp):w
Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!
Callingioctl()tore-readpartitiontable.
Syncingdisks.
##下面的工作就是对该硬盘进行格式，格式化成ext3
[root@zhou-desktop~]#mkfs.ext3/dev/hdb1
mke2fs1.39(29-May-2006)
Filesystemlabel=
OStype:Linux
Blocksize=4096(log=2)
Fragmentsize=4096(log=2)
1310720inodes,2621422blocks
131071blocks(5.00%)reservedforthesuperuser
Firstdatablock=0
Maximumfilesystemblocks=2684354560
80blockgroups
32768blockspergroup,32768fragmentspergroup
16384inodespergroup
Superblockbackupsstoredonblocks:
32768,98304,163840,229376,294912,819200,884736,1605632
Writinginodetables:done
Creatingjournal(32768blocks):done
Writingsuperblocksandfilesystemaccountinginformation:done
Thisfilesystemwillbeautomaticallycheckedevery37mountsor
180days,whichevercomesfirst.Usetune2fs-cor-itooverride.
##检查一下，是否已经格式好
[root@zhou-desktop~]#fdisk-l
Disk/dev/hda:10.7GB,10737418240bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,1305cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem
/dev/hda1*1321305943015583Linux
/dev/hda21131105222682Linuxswap/Solaris
Partitiontableentriesarenotindiskorder
Disk/dev/hdb:10.7GB,10737418240bytes
15heads,63sectors/track,22192cylinders
Units=cylindersof945*512=483840bytes
DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem
/dev/hdb112219210485688+83Linux
[root@zhou-desktop~]#
##挂载虚拟硬盘
把/dev/hdb1挂载到/mnt/ext下
[root@zhou-desktop~]#mount/dev/hdb1/mnt/ext
##重启系统之后，再挂载看是否成功
[root@zhou-desktopmnt]#df-lh
文件系统容量已用可用已用%挂载点
/dev/hda18.8G2.7G5.6G33%/
tmpfs252M0252M0%/dev/shm
/dev/hdb19.9G151M9.2G2%/mnt/ext
##转移数据
1、/usr中的全部数据
2、清空usr目录：
#rm-r/usr
#mkdir/usr
3、卸载刚才挂上的虚拟硬盘，重新将它挂载到usr目录：
#umount/mnt/ext
#mount/dev/hdb1/usr
4、##用vi修改/etc/fstab，使系统启动就可以自动挂载
#vim/etc/fstab
在内容中加上一行：
/dev/sdb1/usrext3defaults12
5、Ok，重新启动之后，可以查看现在的硬盘使用情况了：
[root@zhou-desktopmnt]#df-lh
文件系统容量已用可用已用%挂载点
/dev/hda18.8G2.7G5.6G33%/
tmpfs252M0252M0%/dev/shm
/dev/hdb19.9G151M9.2G2%/usr