istio入门教程
广告 | kubernetes各版本离线安装包
安装
安装k8s 强势插播广告
三步安装，不多说
安装helm, 推荐生产环境用helm安装，可以调参
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如我使用的2.9.1版本
yum install -y socat # 这个不装会报错
[root@istiohost ~]# wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-helm/helm-v2.9.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz [root@istiohost ~]# tar zxvf helm-v2.9.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz [root@istiohost ~]# cp linux-amd64/helm /usr/bin
先创建一个service account 把管理员权限给helm:
[root@istiohost ~]# cat helmserviceaccount.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: tiller namespace: kube-system --- kind: ClusterRoleBinding apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1 metadata: name: tiller-clusterrolebinding subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: tiller namespace: kube-system roleRef: kind: ClusterRole name: cluster-admin apiGroup: ""
kubectl create -f helmserviceaccount.yaml
安装helm 服务端 tiller :
helm init --service-account tiller # 如果已安装更新加 --upgrade 参数 helm list #没任何返回表示成功
安装istio
curl -L https://git.io/getLatestIstio | sh - cd istio-1.0.0/ export PATH=$PWD/bin:$PATH
helm 2.10.0以前的版本需要装一下CRD：
kubectl apply -f install/kubernetes/helm/istio/templates/crds.yaml kubectl apply -f install/kubernetes/helm/istio/charts/certmanager/templates/crds.yaml
安装istio, 由于你没有LB所以用NodePort代替:
helm install install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system --set gateways.istio-ingressgateway.type=NodePort --set gateways.istio-egressgateway.type=NodePort
安装成功：
[root@istiohost istio-1.0.0]# kubectl get pod -n istio-system NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE istio-citadel-7d8f9748c5-ntqnp 1/1 Running 0 5m istio-egressgateway-676c8546c5-2w4cq 1/1 Running 0 5m istio-galley-5669f7c9b-mkxjg 1/1 Running 0 5m istio-ingressgateway-5475685bbb-96mbr 1/1 Running 0 5m istio-pilot-5795d6d695-gr4h4 2/2 Running 0 5m istio-policy-7f945bf487-gkpxr 2/2 Running 0 5m istio-sidecar-injector-d96cd9459-674pk 1/1 Running 0 5m istio-statsd-prom-bridge-549d687fd9-6cbzs 1/1 Running 0 5m istio-telemetry-6c587bdbc4-jndjn 2/2 Running 0 5m prometheus-6ffc56584f-98mr9 1/1 Running 0 5m [root@istiohost istio-1.0.0]# kubectl get svc -n istio-system NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE istio-citadel ClusterIP 10.108.253.89 <none> 8060/TCP,9093/TCP 5m istio-egressgateway NodePort 10.96.151.14 <none> 80:30830/TCP,443:30038/TCP 5m istio-galley ClusterIP 10.102.83.130 <none> 443/TCP,9093/TCP 5m istio-ingressgateway NodePort 10.99.194.13 <none> 80:31380/TCP,443:31390/TCP,31400:31400/TCP,15011:31577/TCP,8060:30037/TCP,15030:31855/TCP,15031:30775/TCP 5m istio-pilot ClusterIP 10.101.4.143 <none> 15010/TCP,15011/TCP,8080/TCP,9093/TCP 5m istio-policy ClusterIP 10.106.221.68 <none> 9091/TCP,15004/TCP,9093/TCP 5m istio-sidecar-injector ClusterIP 10.100.5.170 <none> 443/TCP 5m istio-statsd-prom-bridge ClusterIP 10.107.28.242 <none> 9102/TCP,9125/UDP 5m istio-telemetry ClusterIP 10.105.66.20 <none> 9091/TCP,15004/TCP,9093/TCP,42422/TCP 5m prometheus ClusterIP 10.103.128.152 <none> 9090/TCP
使用教程
官网事例 Bookinfo Application
- productpage 调用details和reviews渲染页面
- details包含书本信息
- reviews 书本反馈，调用ratings服务
- ratings 书本租借信息
reviews服务有三个版本:
- V1 不请求ratings
- V2 请求ratings，返回1到5个黑星
- V3 请求ratings，返回1到5个红星
数据平面：
安装应用：
kubectl apply -f <(istioctl kube-inject -f samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo.yaml)
安装完成：
[root@istiohost istio-1.0.0]# kubectl get services NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE details ClusterIP 10.104.66.31 <none> 9080/TCP 2m kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4h productpage ClusterIP 10.109.68.13 <none> 9080/TCP 2m ratings ClusterIP 10.99.55.110 <none> 9080/TCP 2m reviews ClusterIP 10.102.19.129 <none> 9080/TCP 2m [root@istiohost istio-1.0.0]# kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE details-v1-fc9649d9c-dpnlp 2/2 Running 0 2m productpage-v1-58845c779c-7g8th 2/2 Running 0 2m ratings-v1-6cc485c997-fb7nh 2/2 Running 0 2m reviews-v1-76987687b7-x5n7z 2/2 Running 0 2m reviews-v2-86749dcd5-xchzb 2/2 Running 0 2m reviews-v3-7f4746b959-nthrq 2/2 Running 0 2m
创建一个gateway,这是为了集群外可以访问
kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/bookinfo-gateway.yaml
浏览器访问url:
47.254.28.88是我的节点ip，使用nodeport模式
http://47.254.28.88:31380/productpage
连续点击三次，你会发现右边没星星-> 黑星星-> 红星星切换，对应三个版本的review,默认策略是轮询
创建destination rules, 配置路由访问规则，现在还是轮询
kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/destination-rule-all.yaml
智能路由
请求路由 request routing
根据版本路由
把所有路由切换到v1版本
kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-all-v1.yaml
这样执行完后，不管怎么刷页面，我们都看不到星星，因为v1版本没星
可以看到destination是这样的：
http:
- route:
- destination:
host: details
subset: v1试想如此我们做版本切换将是何等简单
根据用户路由
kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-reviews-test-v2.yaml
你会发现用jason用户登录就能看到黑星星，而其它方式看到的页面都是无星星
因为这个user走了v2版本，能不强大？ 那当然还能根据header什么的做路由了，就不多说了
http:
- match:
- headers:
end-user:
exact: jason
route:
- destination:
host: reviews
subset: v2
- route:
- destination:
host: reviews
subset: v1故障注入 Fault injection
kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-all-v1.yaml kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-reviews-test-v2.yaml
假设代码里有个bug，用户jason, reviews:v2 访问ratings时会卡10s, 我们任然希望端到端的测试能正常走完
kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-ratings-test-delay.yaml
注入错误让jason用户有个7s的延迟
hosts:
- ratings
http:
- fault:
delay:
fixedDelay: 7s
percent: 100
match:
- headers:
end-user:
exact: jason
route:
- destination:
host: ratings
subset: v1
- route:
- destination:
host: ratings
subset: v1这时访问页面显然会出错，因为我们希望7s内能返回,这样我们就发现了一个延迟的bug
Error fetching product reviews! Sorry, product reviews are currently unavailable for this book.
所以我们就可能通过故障注入去发现这些异常现象
链路切换 Traffic Shifting
我们先把50%流量发送给reviews:v1 50%流量发送给v3，然后再把100%的流量都切给v3
把100%流量切到v1
kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-all-v1.yaml
此时不论刷几遍，都没有星星
v1 v3各50%流量
kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-reviews-50-v3.yaml
- route:
- destination:
host: reviews
subset: v1
weight: 50
- destination:
host: reviews
subset: v3
weight: 50此时一会有星，一会没星，但是已经不是轮询算法了
全切v3
kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-reviews-v3.yaml
这时不管怎么刷都是红心了
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