ubuntu下nginx+php7+mysql搭建web服务器

Ubuntu（乌班图）是一个很优秀的Linux操作系统，其名称来自非洲南部祖鲁语或豪萨语的“ubuntu”一词，意思是“人性”、“我的存在是因为大家的存在”，是非洲传统的一种价值观，类似华人社会的“仁爱”思想。Ubuntu 是基于Debian GNU/Linux，支持x86、amd64（即x64）和ppc架构，由全球化的专业开发团队（Canonical Ltd）打造的开源GNU/Linux操作系统。

Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。 Nginx 是由 Igor Sysoev 为俄罗斯访问量第二的 Rambler.ru 站点开发的，Igor 将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布。

在高并发连接的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品。Nginx同时也可以作为7层负载均衡服务器来使用。在Nginx在性能方面，在网上有很多的介绍文章，在这里就不重复介绍了。

安装步骤：

（系统要求：Linux 3.0+ 内核，本文中的Linux操作系统为Ubuntu 16.04）

一、获取相关开源程序：

1、【适用Ubuntu操作系统】利用Ubuntu Linux系统自带的apt-get命令安装、升级所需的程序库

sudo -s

apt-get install build-essential automake autoconf cmake libtool libcurses-ocaml-dev libxml2-dev libssl-dev libbz2-dev libcurl4-gnutls-dev libjpeg-dev libpng12-dev libxpm-dev libfreetype6-dev libxslt1-dev  openssl  pkg-config

2、程序源码包名称及下地址

libiconv-1.13.tar.gz    http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/

libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gzhttps://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/

mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz https://sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/

mcrypt-2.6.4.tar.gz https://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/MCrypt/

mariadb-10.1.18.tar.gz https://mariadb.org/download/

php-7.0.12.tar.gz http://php.net/downloads.php

libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz https://launchpad.net/libmemcached/+download

php-memcachedhttps://github.com/php-memcached-dev/php-memcached.git

phpredis https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis.git

imagick-3.4.3RC1.tgz http://pecl.php.net/package/imagick

zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz http://www.zlib.net/

pcre-8.37.tar.gz https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/

tengine-2.1.0.tar.gz http://tengine.taobao.org

大部份程序下载地址都在国外，下载可能比较慢，也可以去百度云盘下载

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1slm0FZR

二、安装环境所需要的支持库：

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make && make install

cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

make

make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make

make install

cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

./configure

make && make install

cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so  /usr/lib/libssl.so 

touch /usr/local/include/mhash_config.h

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

/sbin/ldconfig

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

三、安装数据库mariadb（mariadb介绍请访问http://baike.baidu.com/item/mariaDB）

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql  

/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql

tar zxvf mariadb-10.1.18.tar.gz

cd mariadb-10.1.18/

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DENABLE_DEBUG_SYNC=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DENABLED_PROFILING=1 -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_LIBWRAP=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=yes

make 

make install

附：以下为附加步骤，如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库，则执行以下几步。如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库，能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库，那么，以下两步无需执行。

①、创建MySQL数据库存放目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/data

mkdir -p /data/mysql/binlog/binlog

chmod +w /data/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

②、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data --user=mysql

③、创建my.cnf文件，并修改my.cnf配置文件：添加以下内容

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /data/mysql/my.cnf

vi /data/mysql/my.cnf

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data/mysql/data

log-error = /data/mysql/mysql_error.log

pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

④、创建管理MySQL数据库的shell脚本：

vi /data/mysql/mysql

输入以下内容（这里的用户名root和密码123456接下来的步骤会创建）：

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#!/bin/sh   

mysql_port=3306   

mysql_username="root"  

mysql_password="123456"  

function_start_mysql()   

{   

    printf "Starting MySQL...\n"  

    /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/my.cnf 2>&1 > --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data &

}   

function_stop_mysql()   

{   

    printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"  

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown   

}   

function_restart_mysql()   

{   

    printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"  

    function_stop_mysql   

    sleep 5   

    function_start_mysql   

}   

function_kill_mysql()   

{   

    kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')   

    kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')   

}   

if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then   

    function_start_mysql   

elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then   

    function_stop_mysql   

elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then   

function_restart_mysql   

elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then   

function_kill_mysql   

else  

    printf "Usage: /data/mysql/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}\n"  

fi  

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

⑤、赋予shell脚本可执行权限：

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

chmod +x /data/mysql/mysql

⑥、启动MySQL：

/data/mysql/mysql start

⑦、通过命令行登录管理MySQL服务器（提示输入密码时直接回车）：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock

⑧、输入以下SQL语句，创建一个具有root权限的用户（admin）和密码（12345678）：

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

###########################################################################################

⑨、（可选）停止MySQL：

/data/mysql/mysql stop

四、安装PHP（FastCGI模式）

1、建立 www 用户

/usr/sbin/groupadd www  

/usr/sbin/useradd -g www -s /sbin/nologin -r www

2、解压安装

tar zxvf php-7.0.12.tar.gz

cd php-7.0.12/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --enable-opcache=yes --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --with-curl --with-pear --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-xpm-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-mcrypt --with-mhash --with-xmlrpc --with-xsl --with-bz2 --with-gettext --disable-debug --enable-exif --enable-wddx --enable-zip --enable-bcmath --enable-calendar --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-soap --enable-sockets --enable-shmop --enable-dba --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-sysvmsg  --disable-rpath --enable-inline-optimization  --enable-pcntl --enable-mbregex --with-pcre-regex --with-pdo-mysql  --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysqli --with-iconv-dir  --with-libxml-dir --enable-xml  --enable-zip  --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-maintainer-zts --enable-exif  --enable-ftp

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'  

make install 

3、拷贝php.ini等配置文件

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

cd ../

4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

apt-get install git

apt-get install imagemagick libmagickwand-dev

tar zxvf libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz

cd libmemcached-1.0.18

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmemcached --with-memcached

make && make install

cd ../

如果没有去百度云盘下载压缩包，可用github命令下载

git clone https://github.com/php-memcached-dev/php-memcached.git

tar zxvf php-memcached.tar.gz

cd php-memcached

git checkout php7

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-memcached --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config  --with-libmemcached-dir=/usr/local/libmemcached  --disable-memcached-sasl

make

make install

cd ../

如果没有去百度云盘下载压缩包，可用github命令下载

git clone https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis.git

tar zxvf phpredis.tar.gz

cd phpredis

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-3.4.3RC1.tgz

cd imagick-3.4.3RC1/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

5、修改php.ini文件

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

修改 php.ini ，去掉 date.timezone 的注释，并设置为 date.timezone = PRC

手工修改：查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"

修改为

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20151012/"

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

extension = "memcached.so"

extension = "imagick.so"

extension = "redis.so"

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

再查找zlib.output_compression = Off

修改为zlib.output_compression = On

按住shift+g跳到php.ini最后一行，加上opcache相关配置

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20151012/opcache.so"

opcache.force_restart_timeout=3600

opcache.memory_consumption=1024

opcache.optimization_level=1

opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8

opcache.max_accelerated_files=4096

opcache.revalidate_freq=60

opcache.fast_shutdown=1

opcache.enable=1

opcache.enable_cli=1

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

添加php比较危险的函数

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

disable_functions = exec,system,passthru,ini_alter,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,link,leak,proc_open,popepassthru,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,proc_get_status,popen,com,eval,gzuncompress,php_admin_value,php_admin_flag

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

6、创建php的启动角本　

vi /usr/local/php/php-fpm

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#!/bin/sh   

function_start_php()   

{   

    printf "Starting Php-fpm...\n"  

    /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -g /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid

}   

function_stop_php()   

{   

    printf "Stoping Php-fpm...\n"  

    kill -INT `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

}   

function_restart_php()   

{   

    printf "Restarting Php-fpm...\n"         

    kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`    

}  

if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then   

    function_start_php   

elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then   

    function_stop_php   

elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then   

function_restart_php  

else  

    printf "Usage: /usr/local/php/php-fpm {start|stop|restart}\n"  

fi  

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

给php-fpm执行以下命令

chmod +x /usr/local/php/php-fpm

启动PHP命令

/usr/local/php/php-fpm start

启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，p进程数为128（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www

五、安装Nginx(Tengine)

1、安装Nginx所需的库,解压这些文件，并不需要安装：

tar -xvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz

tar zxvf pcre-8.37.tar.gz

2、安装Tengine

tar zxvf tengine-2.1.0.tar.gz

cd tengine-2.1.0/

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/data/soft/pcre-8.37 --with-zlib=/data/soft/zlib-1.2.8

注意：--with-pcre=/data/soft/pcre-8.37指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报错,同样,openssl zlib的路径都是源码包解压路径s。

make && make install 

cd ../

3、创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /data/logs

chmod +w /data/logs

chown -R www:www /data/logs

4、创建Nginx配置文件

①、在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：

>/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

输入以下内容：

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

user  www www;

worker_processes 8;

error_log  /data/logs/nginx_error.log  crit;

pid        /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process. 

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events 

{

  use epoll;

  worker_connections 65535;

}

http 

{

  include       mime.types;

  default_type  application/octet-stream;

  #charset  gb2312;

  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

  client_header_buffer_size 32k;

  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

  client_max_body_size 8m;

  sendfile on;

  tcp_nopush     on;

  keepalive_timeout 60;

  tcp_nodelay on;

  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

  gzip on;

  gzip_min_length  1k;

  gzip_buffers     4 16k;

  gzip_http_version 1.0;

  gzip_comp_level 2;

  gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

  gzip_vary on;

  #limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;

  include vhosts/*.conf;

}

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

创建php5.conf

touch /usr/local/nginx/conf/php5.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/php5.conf

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$

{      

        #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

        fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;

        fastcgi_index index.php;

        include fcgi.conf;

        set $path_info "";

        set $real_script_name $fastcgi_script_name;

        if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+?\.php)(/.+)$") { 

               set $real_script_name $1;

               set $path_info $2;

        }

        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$real_script_name;

        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $real_script_name;

        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;

}

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

创建image.conf

touch /usr/local/nginx/conf/image.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/image.conf

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$

{

        expires      30d;

}

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

创建js.conf

touch /usr/local/nginx/conf/js.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/js.conf

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$

{

        expires      1d;

} 

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

创建vhosts/a.conf

mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts

touch /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/a.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/a.conf

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

server

{

    listen       80;

    charset  utf-8;

    server_name  192.168.1.50;

    index index.html index.htm index.php;

    root  /data/www/blog;    

    #limit_conn   crawler  20;                             

    include       php5.conf;    

    include       image.conf;

    include       js.conf;

    log_format  access  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

    access_log  /data/logs/access.log  access;

}

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;

fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;

fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;

fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;

fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;

fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;

fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;

fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;

fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;

fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;

fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;

fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;

fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

#PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect

fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

六、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置

1、修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：

the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

2、平滑重启：

①、对于Nginx 0.8.以后的版本，现在平滑重启Nginx配置非常简单，执行以下命令即可：

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

3、创建Nginx启动脚本

vi /usr/local/nginx/nginx

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#!/bin/sh

nginx_s="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"

function_start_nginx()   

{   

    printf "Starting nginx...\n"

    ${nginx_s} 

}   

function_stop_nginx()   

{   

    printf "Stoping nginx...\n"  

    ${nginx_s} -s stop

}   

function_restart_nginx()   

{   

    printf "Restarting nginx...\n" 

    ${nginx_s} -s reload

}  

if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then   

    function_start_nginx   

elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then   

    function_stop_nginx   

elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then 

    function_restart_nginx  

else  

    printf "Usage: /usr/local/nginx/nginx {start|stop|restart}\n"  

fi

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

chmod +x /usr/local/nginx/nginx

七、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP

vi /etc/rc.local

在末尾增加以下内容：

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ulimit -SHn 65535

/data/mysql/mysql start

/usr/local/php/php-fpm start

/usr/local/nginx/nginx start

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

八、优化Linux内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

在末尾增加以下内容：

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

# Add

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536

net.core.netdev_max_backlog =  32768

net.core.somaxconn = 32768

net.core.wmem_default = 8388608

net.core.rmem_default = 8388608

net.core.rmem_max = 16777216

net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0

net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1

#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000

net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800

#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30

#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024  65535

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

使配置立即生效：

/sbin/sysctl -p

九、编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本

1、创建脚本/usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

vi /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

输入以下内容：

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#!/bin/bash

# This script run at 00:00

# The Nginx logs path

logs_path="/data/logs/"

mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/

mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log

kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

chmod +x /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

2、设置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志

crontab -e

输入以下内容：

引用

00 00 * * * /bin/bash  /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh