Oracle Enterprise Linux 6.4安装Oracle Database 12C RAC图文详
Oracle Database 12c发布也有一周了,这几天尝试了下单机、RESTART和RAC的安装,其中发生了不少趣事。比如安装Oracle 12c Restart花费了4小时多最终笔记本死机、RAC安装过程中采用HAIP特性却失败等等。
Oracle 12c RAC引入了Flex Cluster的概念,但我尚未研究成功。
下面是传统方式安装Oracle 12c RAC的教程。
环境介绍
OS: Oracle Enterprise Linux 6.4 (For RAC Nodes),Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.8(For DNS Server),Openfiler 2.3(For SAN Storage)
DB: GI and Database 12.1.0.1
所需介质
linuxamd64_12c_database_1of2.zip
linuxamd64_12c_database_2of2.zip
linuxamd64_12c_grid_1of2.zip
linuxamd64_12c_grid_2of2.zip
– 这里只给出Oracle相关的,操作系统以及其他软件请自身准备。
操作系统信息
RAC节点服务器:
(以node1节点为例)
[root@12crac1 ~]# cat /etc/RedHat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)
[root@12crac1 ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 2051748 kB
[root@12crac1 ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
SwapTotal: 5119996 kB
[root@12crac1 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 45G 16G 27G 38% /
tmpfs 2.0G 652M 1.4G 32% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 194M 50M 135M 27% /boot
网络配置信息:
备注:从下面信息中可以发现,每个节点服务器我都添加了五个网卡,eth0用于PUBLIC,而eth1~eth4用于Private,本想采用HAIP特性。
但我在安装实验过程中HAIP特性上发生了节点2无法启动ASM实例的问题,因此最后只用了其中eth1接口。
至于HAIP导致的问题,可能是出于BUG,这个问题还有待仔细troubleshooting。
(节点1)
[root@12crac1 ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:75:36:ED
inet addr:192.168.1.150 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:36ed/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:64 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:56 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:7014 (6.8 KiB) TX bytes:6193 (6.0 KiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:75:36:F7
inet addr:192.168.80.150 Bcast:192.168.80.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:36f7/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:720 (720.0 b) TX bytes:720 (720.0 b)
eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:75:36:01
inet addr:192.168.80.151 Bcast:192.168.80.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:3601/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:9 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:540 (540.0 b) TX bytes:636 (636.0 b)
eth3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:75:36:0B
inet addr:192.168.80.152 Bcast:192.168.80.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:360b/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:300 (300.0 b) TX bytes:636 (636.0 b)
eth4 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:75:36:15
inet addr:192.168.80.153 Bcast:192.168.80.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:3615/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:9 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:60 (60.0 b) TX bytes:566 (566.0 b)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
(节点2)
[root@12crac2 ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:A1:81:7C
inet addr:192.168.1.151 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fea1:817c/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:126 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:62 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:10466 (10.2 KiB) TX bytes:6193 (6.0 KiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:A1:81:86
inet addr:192.168.80.154 Bcast:192.168.80.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fea1:8186/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:23 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:27 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2081 (2.0 KiB) TX bytes:1622 (1.5 KiB)
eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:A1:81:90
inet addr:192.168.80.155 Bcast:192.168.80.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fea1:8190/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:60 (60.0 b) TX bytes:636 (636.0 b)
eth3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:A1:81:9A
inet addr:192.168.80.156 Bcast:192.168.80.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
eth4 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:A1:81:A4
inet addr:192.168.80.157 Bcast:192.168.80.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
确认防火墙和SELinux是禁用的
(以Node1为例,两个节点相同)
[root@12crac1 ~]# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
如果防火墙没禁用,那么通过如下方式修改:
[root@12crac1 ~]# service iptables stop
[root@12crac1 ~]# chkconfig iptables off
[root@12crac1 ~]# getenforce
Disabled
如果SELinux没有被禁止,那就通过如下方式修改:
[root@12crac1 ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config
-- 改成SELINUX=disabled
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
DNS服务器:
[root@dns12c ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.8 (Tikanga)
[root@dns12c ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 494596 kB
[root@dns12c ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
SwapTotal: 3277252 kB
[root@dns12c ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:7A:FD:82
inet addr:192.168.1.158 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:114941 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:6985 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:11015974 (10.5 MiB) TX bytes:1151788 (1.0 MiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:104 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:104 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:9531 (9.3 KiB) TX bytes:9531 (9.3 KiB)
Iptables和SELinux也禁止。
SAN服务器:
Openfiler 2.3来部署的,在这里分配3个LUN,大小分别为5G和两个8G。
正式部署安装
1、配置DNS服务
以下操作在DNS服务器上进行:
安装bind三个包
[root@dns12c ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/Server/bind-9.3.6-20.P1.el5.x86_64.rpm
[root@dns12c ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/Server/bind-chroot-9.3.6-20.P1.el5.x86_64.rpm
[root@dns12c ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/Server/caching-nameserver-9.3.6-20.P1.el5.x86_64.rpm
配置主区域
[root@dns12c ~]# cd /var/named/chroot/etc
[root@dns12c etc]# cp -p named.caching-nameserver.conf named.conf
[root@dns12c etc]# cat named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { any; };
listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
// Those options should be used carefully because they disable port
// randomization
// query-source port 53;
// query-source-v6 port 53;
nslookup或 dig检查
给两个节点配置DNS
(以Node1为例,两个节点相同)
[root@12crac1 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
#domain localdomain
search localdomain
nameserver 192.168.1.158
测试:
[root@12crac1 ~]# nslookup 192.168.1.154
Server: 192.168.1.158
Address: 192.168.1.158#53
[root@12crac1 ~]# nslookup 192.168.1.155
Server: 192.168.1.158
Address: 192.168.1.158#53
[root@12crac1 ~]# nslookup 192.168.1.156
Server: 192.168.1.158
Address: 192.168.1.158#53
2、配置/etc/hosts
修改/etc/hosts文件,前两行不懂,添加hostname对应信息。
(以Node1为例,两个节点相同)
[root@12crac1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6