前端每日实战:44# 视频演示如何用纯 CSS 创作背景色块变换的按钮特效

前端每日实战:44# 视频演示如何用纯 CSS 创作背景色块变换的按钮特效

效果预览

按下右侧的“点击预览”按钮可以在当前页面预览,点击链接可以全屏预览。

https://codepen.io/comehope/pen/XYKdwg

可交互视频教程

此视频是可以交互的,你可以随时暂停视频,编辑视频中的代码。

请用 chrome, safari, edge 打开观看。

https://scrimba.com/p/pEgDAM/cM7RLUG

源代码下载

每日前端实战系列的全部源代码请从 github 下载:

https://github.com/comehope/front-end-daily-challenges

代码解读

定义 dom,标准导航结构下,<li> 中的每个字母用 <span> 包裹:

<nav>
    <ul>
        <li>
            <span>p</span>
            <span>r</span>
            <span>o</span>
            <span>d</span>
            <span>u</span>
            <span>c</span>
            <span>t</span>
            <span>s</span>
        </li>
    </ul>
</nav>

居中显示:

body {
    margin: 0;
    height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: linear-gradient(to right bottom, dimgray, black);
}

定义文字样式:

ul {
    padding: 0;
}

li {
    list-style-type: none;
}

li span {
    color: white;
    font-size: 50px;
    font-family: monospace;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

当鼠标悬停时,用伪元素绘制倾斜的背景色块:

li span {
    position: relative;
    transition: 500ms;
}

li:hover span {
    color: #333;
}

li span::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    height: 100%;
    width: 0;
    z-index: -1;
    transition: 500ms;
}

li:hover span::before {
    width: 70%;
    transform: rotate(-25deg);
    background: white;
}

设置缓动延时,增加动画效果:

li:hover span {
    transition-delay: calc(80ms * var(--n) + 10ms);
}

li:hover span::before {
    transition-delay: calc(80ms * var(--n));
}

li span:nth-child(1) {
    --n: 1;
}

li span:nth-child(2) {
    --n: 2;
}

li span:nth-child(3) {
    --n: 3;
}

li span:nth-child(4) {
    --n: 4;
}

li span:nth-child(5) {
    --n: 5;
}

li span:nth-child(6) {
    --n: 6;
}

li span:nth-child(7) {
    --n: 7;
}

li span:nth-child(8) {
    --n: 8;
}

在单词左侧增加一条鼠标悬停时变亮的竖线:

li {
    padding-left: 2em;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    border-left-color: silver;
    transition: 500ms;
}

li:hover {
    border-left-color: white;
}

dom 中增加几个按钮,形成一组按钮:

<nav>
    <ul>
        <li>
            <span>h</span>
            <span>o</span>
            <span>m</span>
            <span>e</span>
        </li>
        <li>
            <span>p</span>
            <span>r</span>
            <span>o</span>
            <span>d</span>
            <span>u</span>
            <span>c</span>
            <span>t</span>
            <span>s</span>
        </li>
        <li>
            <span>s</span>
            <span>e</span>
            <span>v</span>
            <span>i</span>
            <span>c</span>
            <span>e</span>
            <span>s</span>
        </li>
        <li>
            <span>c</span>
            <span>o</span>
            <span>n</span>
            <span>t</span>
            <span>a</span>
            <span>c</span>
            <span>t</span>
        </li>
    </ul>
</nav>

最后,文字居中对齐,再调整一下按钮间距:

li {
    text-align: center;
    margin: 1em 0;
}

大功告成!

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