SpringMVC学习(六)

拦截器

1、概述

SpringMVC的处理拦截器类似于Servlet开发中的过滤器Filter,用于对处理器进行预处理和后处理。开发者可以自己定义一些拦截器来实现拦截器实现特定的功能。

  • 拦截器是AOP思想的具体应用。
  • 拦截器是SpringMVC框架自己的,只有使用了SpringMVC架构的过程才能使用
  • 拦截只会拦截访问的控制器方法,如果访问的是jsp/html/css/image/js是不会拦截的

2、自定义拦截器

自定义拦截器,必须实现HandleIntercepter接口

2.1、创建项目

添加web支持

2.2、配置文件

配置web.xml和springmvc-servlet.xml文件

2.3、编写拦截器类

package com.star.config;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    //return true;  执行
    //return false; 拦截
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("===========执行前===========");
        return false;
    }

    //执行后的日志    无拦截作用
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("===========执行后===========");
    }

    //清理日志  无拦截作用
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("===========清理===========");
    }
}

2.4、编写controller类接受请求

package com.star.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class ControllerTest {

    @RequestMapping("/t1")
    public String test(){
        System.out.println("执行了test方法!");
        return "OK!";
    }
}

2.5、将拦截器注入spring容器

<!--将拦截器注入容器-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--处理所有的请求-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <bean class="com.star.config.MyInterceptor"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

2.6、启动项目测试

SpringMVC学习(六)

当我们改为return fals时的结果:

SpringMVC学习(六)

可以看到拦截器拦截了 /t1 这个请求即对应的test()方法!

3、实现登录拦截功能

我们设置一个未登录的情况下不能进入首页的拦截器

3.1、编写index.jsp页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
    <style type="text/css">
      a {
        text-decoration: none;
        color: black;
        font-size: 18px;
      }
      h3 {
        width: 180px;
        height: 38px;
        margin: 100px auto;
        text-align: center;
        line-height: 38px;
        background: deepskyblue;
        border-radius: 4px;
      }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>

  <h3>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/toLogin">点击进入登录页面</a>
  </h3>

  <h3>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/main">点击进入首页</a>
  </h3>

  </body>
</html>

3.2、编写controller类

package com.star.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class loginController {

    @RequestMapping("/main")
    public String main(){
        return "main";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
    public String toLogin(){
        return "toLogin";
    }
}

3.3、编写对应的main页面和toLogin页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>首页</title>

    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

    <style type="text/css">
        a {
            text-decoration: none;
            color: black;
            font-size: 18px;
        }
        h3 {
            width: 180px;
            height: 38px;
            margin: 100px auto;
            text-align: center;
            line-height: 38px;
            background: deepskyblue;
            border-radius: 4px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small style="padding-left: 535px">首页</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <span>
      <h3>
            <p>${usernameInfo}</p>
      </h3>
    </span>

    <h3>
        <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/goOut">注销用户</a>
    </h3>

</div>

</body>
</html>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录页面</title>

    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small style="padding-left: 535px">登录页面</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/login" method="post" style="padding-left: 300px;
    margin-top: 50px;" class="form-horizontal" role="form">
        <div class="form-group">
            <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">用户名</label>
            <div class="col-sm-10">
                <input type="text" class="form-control" style="width: 300px" name="username">
            </div>

        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">密码</label>
            <div class="col-sm-10">
                <input type="password" class="form-control" style="width: 300px" name="password">
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
                <div class="checkbox">
                    <label>
                        <input type="checkbox"> 记住我
                    </label>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
                <button style="width: 300px" type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">登录</button>
            </div>
        </div>
    </form>
</div>

</body>
</html>

3.4、编写lgoin请求对应的方法

@PostMapping("/login")
    public String login(String username, HttpSession session){
        session.setAttribute("usernameInfo",username);
        return "redirect:/user/main";
    }

3.5、编写goOut请求对应的方法

@RequestMapping("/goOut")
    public String goOut(HttpSession session){
        session.removeAttribute("usernameInfo");
        return "redirect:/";
    }

3.6、编写对应的拦截器

package com.star.config;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

public class loginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        //有session信息即已经登录了 不拦截
        if(session.getAttribute("usernameInfo")!=null){
            return true;
        }
        //请求路径包含ogin的即/toLogin和/login 不拦截
        if(request.getRequestURI().contains("ogin")){
            return true;
        }
        //其他情况下重定向到登录页面
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/user/toLogin").forward(request,response);
        return false;
    }
}

3.7、注册拦截器

<!--将拦截器注入容器-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--处理/user下的所有的请求-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/user/**"/>
            <bean class="com.star.config.loginInterceptor"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

3.8、启动项目进行测试

OK!测试登录拦截功能无误!

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