SpringMVC学习(六)
拦截器
1、概述
SpringMVC的处理拦截器类似于Servlet开发中的过滤器Filter,用于对处理器进行预处理和后处理。开发者可以自己定义一些拦截器来实现拦截器实现特定的功能。
- 拦截器是AOP思想的具体应用。
- 拦截器是SpringMVC框架自己的,只有使用了SpringMVC架构的过程才能使用
- 拦截只会拦截访问的控制器方法,如果访问的是jsp/html/css/image/js是不会拦截的
2、自定义拦截器
自定义拦截器,必须实现HandleIntercepter接口
2.1、创建项目
添加web支持
2.2、配置文件
配置web.xml和springmvc-servlet.xml文件
2.3、编写拦截器类
package com.star.config; import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { //return true; 执行 //return false; 拦截 public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { System.out.println("===========执行前==========="); return false; } //执行后的日志 无拦截作用 public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { System.out.println("===========执行后==========="); } //清理日志 无拦截作用 public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception { System.out.println("===========清理==========="); } }
2.4、编写controller类接受请求
package com.star.controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class ControllerTest { @RequestMapping("/t1") public String test(){ System.out.println("执行了test方法!"); return "OK!"; } }
2.5、将拦截器注入spring容器
<!--将拦截器注入容器--> <mvc:interceptors> <mvc:interceptor> <!--处理所有的请求--> <mvc:mapping path="/**"/> <bean class="com.star.config.MyInterceptor"/> </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors>
2.6、启动项目测试
当我们改为return fals时的结果:
可以看到拦截器拦截了 /t1 这个请求即对应的test()方法!
3、实现登录拦截功能
我们设置一个未登录的情况下不能进入首页的拦截器
3.1、编写index.jsp页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>$Title$</title> <style type="text/css"> a { text-decoration: none; color: black; font-size: 18px; } h3 { width: 180px; height: 38px; margin: 100px auto; text-align: center; line-height: 38px; background: deepskyblue; border-radius: 4px; } </style> </head> <body> <h3> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/toLogin">点击进入登录页面</a> </h3> <h3> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/main">点击进入首页</a> </h3> </body> </html>
3.2、编写controller类
package com.star.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; @Controller @RequestMapping("/user") public class loginController { @RequestMapping("/main") public String main(){ return "main"; } @RequestMapping("/toLogin") public String toLogin(){ return "toLogin"; } }
3.3、编写对应的main页面和toLogin页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>首页</title> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <style type="text/css"> a { text-decoration: none; color: black; font-size: 18px; } h3 { width: 180px; height: 38px; margin: 100px auto; text-align: center; line-height: 38px; background: deepskyblue; border-radius: 4px; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-header"> <h1> <small style="padding-left: 535px">首页</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <span> <h3> <p>${usernameInfo}</p> </h3> </span> <h3> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/goOut">注销用户</a> </h3> </div> </body> </html>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>登录页面</title> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-header"> <h1> <small style="padding-left: 535px">登录页面</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/login" method="post" style="padding-left: 300px; margin-top: 50px;" class="form-horizontal" role="form"> <div class="form-group"> <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">用户名</label> <div class="col-sm-10"> <input type="text" class="form-control" style="width: 300px" name="username"> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">密码</label> <div class="col-sm-10"> <input type="password" class="form-control" style="width: 300px" name="password"> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10"> <div class="checkbox"> <label> <input type="checkbox"> 记住我 </label> </div> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10"> <button style="width: 300px" type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">登录</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </body> </html>
3.4、编写lgoin请求对应的方法
@PostMapping("/login") public String login(String username, HttpSession session){ session.setAttribute("usernameInfo",username); return "redirect:/user/main"; }
3.5、编写goOut请求对应的方法
@RequestMapping("/goOut") public String goOut(HttpSession session){ session.removeAttribute("usernameInfo"); return "redirect:/"; }
3.6、编写对应的拦截器
package com.star.config; import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; public class loginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { HttpSession session = request.getSession(); //有session信息即已经登录了 不拦截 if(session.getAttribute("usernameInfo")!=null){ return true; } //请求路径包含ogin的即/toLogin和/login 不拦截 if(request.getRequestURI().contains("ogin")){ return true; } //其他情况下重定向到登录页面 request.getRequestDispatcher("/user/toLogin").forward(request,response); return false; } }
3.7、注册拦截器
<!--将拦截器注入容器--> <mvc:interceptors> <mvc:interceptor> <!--处理/user下的所有的请求--> <mvc:mapping path="/user/**"/> <bean class="com.star.config.loginInterceptor"/> </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors>
3.8、启动项目进行测试
OK!测试登录拦截功能无误!
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