MongoDB 2.5、与python交互
2.5、与python交互
- 点击查看官方文档
- 安装python包
进入虚拟环境 sudo pip install pymongo 或源码安装 python setup.py
- 引入包pymongo
import pymongo
类MongoClient
- 连接,创建客户端
无安全认证:client=pymongo.MongoClient(‘mongodb://localhost:27017‘)
有安全认证:client=pymongo.MongoClient(‘mongodb://用户名:密码@localhost:27017/数据库名称‘)
类database
- 获得数据库test1
db=client.test1
类collection
- 主要方法如下
- insert_one()
- insert_many()
- update_one()
- update_many()
- delete_one()
- delete_many()
- find_one()
- find()
- 获取集合stu
stu = db.stu
- 添加文档,可以返回文档的id
s1={name:‘gj‘,age:18}
s1_id = stu.insert_one(s1).inserted_idprint(s1_id)- 修改文档
scores.update_one({‘name‘:‘zsf‘},{‘$set‘:{‘name‘:‘张三丰‘}})
- 删除文档
scores.delete_one({‘name‘:‘zsf‘})
- 查找一个文档,将文档转换为了一个字典返回
ret = stu.find_one()
print(ret)print(ret[‘name‘])ret = stu.find_one({‘name‘:‘张三丰‘})print(ret)print(ret[‘name‘])- 查找多个文档1,返回一个Cursor类型的对象,用于遍历,遍历时,每个文档以字典的形式返回
cursor = stu.find()for s in cursor: print(s) print(s[‘name‘])cursor = stu.find({‘name‘:‘张三丰‘})for s in cursor: print(s) print(s[‘name‘])- 查找多个文档2
cur=stu.find() cur.next() cur.next() cur.next()
- 获取文档个数
print stu.count()
- 排序,返回cursor类型的对象
- 升序使用ASCENDING,降序使用DESCENDING:
单属性:cur = stu.find().sort(‘age‘, DESCENDING)
多属性:cur = stu.find().sort([(‘age‘, DESCENDING),(‘name‘, ASCENDING)])
- 子集
cur=stu.find().skip(2).limit(3)
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2020/1/29 23:16
# @Author : xxxx
# @File : test1_mongodb.py
# @Software: PyCharm
import pymongo
def test0():
# 获取客户端,建立连接
cli = pymongo.MongoClient(‘mongodb://localhost:27017‘)
# 切换数据库
db = cli.liuyan
# 获取集合
scores = db.scores
# 添加
scores.insert_one({‘name‘:‘张一丰‘})
# 删除
scores.delete_one({‘name‘:‘张一丰‘})
# 修改
scores.update_one({‘name‘:‘zsf‘},{‘$set‘:{‘name‘:‘张三丰‘}})
def test1():
# 获取客户端,建立连接
cli = pymongo.MongoClient(‘mongodb://localhost:27017‘)
# 切换数据库
db = cli.liuyan
# 获取集合
scores = db.scores
# 查询
ret = scores.find_one()
print(ret)
print(ret[‘name‘])
def test2():
# 获取客户端,建立连接
cli = pymongo.MongoClient(‘mongodb://localhost:27017‘)
# 切换数据库
db = cli.liuyan
# 获取集合
scores = db.scores
# 查询
ret = scores.find_one({‘name‘:‘张三丰‘})
print(ret)
print(ret[‘name‘])
def test3():
# 获取客户端,建立连接
cli = pymongo.MongoClient(‘mongodb://localhost:27017‘)
# 切换数据库
db = cli.liuyan
# 获取集合
scores = db.scores
# 查询
cursor = scores.find()
for s in cursor:
print(s)
print(s[‘name‘])
def test4():
# 获取客户端,建立连接
cli = pymongo.MongoClient(‘mongodb://localhost:27017‘)
# 切换数据库
db = cli.liuyan
# 获取集合
scores = db.scores
# 查询
cursor = scores.find({‘name‘:‘张三丰‘})
for s in cursor:
print(s)
print(s[‘name‘])
def test5():
# 获取客户端,建立连接
cli = pymongo.MongoClient(‘mongodb://localhost:27017‘)
# 切换数据库
db = cli.liuyan
# 获取集合
scores = db.scores
# 查询
# ret = scores.find({‘age‘:{‘$gt‘:20}})
# for s in ret:
# print(s[‘name‘])
def test6():
# 获取客户端,建立连接
cli = pymongo.MongoClient(‘mongodb://localhost:27017‘)
# 切换数据库
db = cli.liuyan
# 获取集合
scores = db.scores
# 查询、排序
# cursor = scores.find().sort(‘name‘, pymongo.DESCENDING)
cursor = scores.find().sort([(‘name‘, pymongo.DESCENDING), (‘age‘, pymongo.ASCENDING)])
for s in cursor:
# print(s)
print(s[‘name‘])
if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
# test0()
# test1()
# test2()
# test3()
# test4()
# test5()
test6()