cocos2d-x 2.0版本自适应屏幕分辨率

frankwang

2013-10-31

转载 http://codingnow.cn/cocos2d-x/975.html

我使用的版本是cocos2d-2.0-x-2.0.4，cocos2dx-2.0版本对多分辨率适配提供了很好的支持，使用起来比1.0版本要简单些，1.0版本的适配可以参考这篇博文。
1. 做2.0版本的适配首先需要了解下面这些知识。
(1)适配策略
2.0版本提供了三种适配策略：
kResolutionNoBorder：超出屏幕的部分会被裁剪，两侧没有黑边，铺满屏幕，按图片原始比例显示，图片不变形。
kResolutionShowAll：整个游戏界面是可见的，会按原始比例进行缩放，图片不变形，但两侧可能会留有黑边，不铺满屏幕。
kResolutionExactFit：整个游戏界面是可见的，图片可能会进行拉伸或者压缩处理，铺满屏幕，图片会变形。
可以根据自己的要求选择。
(2)VisibleSize和VisibleOrigin
getVisibleSize：表示获得视口(可视区域)的大小，如果DesignResolutionSize跟屏幕尺寸一样大，则getVisibleSize等于getWinSize。
getVisibleOrigin：表示可视区域的起点坐标，这在处理相对位置的时候非常有用，确保节点在不同分辨率下的位置一致。
(3)DesignResolutionSize
DesignResolutionSize是一个比较重要的概念，其实2.0版本的适配跟1.0版本原理差不多，都是按比例进行缩放。这个DesignResolutionSize表示设计方案，就是你的游戏完美支持的分辨率方案，一般根据图片资源的尺寸来定，自适配时会按照这个分辨率计算出缩放因子。因此，这个值也应该是动态的，如果是横屏游戏则高度肯定是铺满屏幕的，宽度也要尽可能的铺满屏幕，因此应该选择宽高比最大的作为设计分辨率，下面的demo会给出使用方法。
(4)设置相对位置
在游戏中使用相对位置设置坐标的好处是显而易见的，这样就不需要为每个分辨率都定义一套坐标了。首先得定义一些参考点，引擎的TestCpp例子中就提供了一种方法，以屏幕上可视区域的9个点作为参考点，相当于在该矩形内写一个米字，这9个点分别是：左上、左、左下、下、右下、右、右上、上、中心。

2. 下面来实现一个简单的demo，首先创建一个win32工程，这个就不详述了。
(1)创建一个AppMacros.h文件，定义了一些宏，源码如下：

#ifndef __APPMACROS_H__ 
#define __APPMACROS_H__ 
 
#include "cocos2d.h" 
 
typedef struct tagResource 
{ 
 cocos2d::CCSize size; 
 char directory[100]; 
}Resource; 
 
//可用的资源尺寸 
static Resource smallResource = { cocos2d::CCSizeMake(480, 320), "iphone" }; 
static Resource mediumResource = { cocos2d::CCSizeMake(1024, 768), "ipad" }; 
static Resource largeResource = { cocos2d::CCSizeMake(2048, 1536), "ipadhd" }; 
 
//设计方案 
static cocos2d::CCSize smallDesignResolutionSize = cocos2d::CCSizeMake(480.0f, 320.0f); 
static cocos2d::CCSize mediumDesignResolutionSize = cocos2d::CCSizeMake(1024.0f, 768.0f); 
static cocos2d::CCSize largeDesignResolutionSize = cocos2d::CCSizeMake(2048.0f, 1536.0f); 
 
//缩放因子，主要给文字标签使用 
#define SCALE_FACTOR (cocos2d::CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView()->getDesignResolutionSize().width / smallResource.size.width) 
 
#endif

(2)接下来修改AppDelegate.cpp文件的applicationDidFinishLaunching函数，添加以下代码：

bool AppDelegate::applicationDidFinishLaunching() 
{ 
 // initialize director 
 CCDirector *pDirector = CCDirector::sharedDirector(); 
 CCEGLView *pEGLView = CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView(); 
 pDirector->setOpenGLView(pEGLView); 
 
 CCSize frameSize = pEGLView->getFrameSize(); 
 float ratio = frameSize.width / frameSize.height; 
 float ratio1 = largeDesignResolutionSize.width / largeDesignResolutionSize.height; 
 float ratio2 = mediumDesignResolutionSize.width / mediumDesignResolutionSize.height; 
 float ratio3 = smallDesignResolutionSize.width / smallDesignResolutionSize.height; 
 float d1 = abs(ratio - ratio1); 
 float d2 = abs(ratio - ratio2); 
 float d3 = abs(ratio - ratio3); 
 std::map<float, CCSize> designSize; 
 designSize[d1] = largeDesignResolutionSize; 
 designSize[d2] = mediumDesignResolutionSize; 
 designSize[d3] = smallDesignResolutionSize; 
 std::map<float, CCSize>::reverse_iterator iter = designSize.rbegin(); 
 //得到key最大的，因此我这里是横屏，所以以高度为基准，为了确保缩放后宽度能全屏，所以选取宽高比最大的为设计方案 
 CCSize designResolutionSize = iter->second; 
 
 //pEGLView->setDesignResolutionSize(designResolutionSize.width, designResolutionSize.height, kResolutionNoBorder); 
 pEGLView->setDesignResolutionSize(designResolutionSize.width, designResolutionSize.height, kResolutionShowAll); 
 //pEGLView->setDesignResolutionSize(designResolutionSize.width, designResolutionSize.height, kResolutionExactFit); 
 
 if (frameSize.height > mediumResource.size.height) 
 { 
 CCFileUtils::sharedFileUtils()->setResourceDirectory(largeResource.directory); 
 pDirector->setContentScaleFactor(largeResource.size.height/designResolutionSize.height); 
 } 
 else if (frameSize.height > smallResource.size.height) 
 { 
 CCFileUtils::sharedFileUtils()->setResourceDirectory(mediumResource.directory); 
 pDirector->setContentScaleFactor(mediumResource.size.height/designResolutionSize.height); 
 } 
 else
 { 
 CCFileUtils::sharedFileUtils()->setResourceDirectory(smallResource.directory); 
 pDirector->setContentScaleFactor(smallResource.size.height/designResolutionSize.height); 
 } 
 
 pDirector->setDisplayStats(true); 
 
 pDirector->setAnimationInterval(1.0 / 60); 
 
 CCScene *pScene = HelloWorld::scene(); 
 
 pDirector->runWithScene(pScene); 
 
 return true; 
}
 

(3)创建VisibleRect.h和VisibleRect.cpp文件，封装了获取那9个点坐标的函数，比较简单。代码如下：
VisibleRect.h

#include "VisibleRect.h" 
 
CCRect VisibleRect::s_visibleRect; 
 
void VisibleRect::lazyInit() 
{ 
 if (s_visibleRect.size.width == 0.0f && s_visibleRect.size.height == 0.0f) 
 { 
 CCEGLView* pEGLView = CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView(); 
 s_visibleRect.origin = pEGLView->getVisibleOrigin(); 
 s_visibleRect.size = pEGLView->getVisibleSize(); 
 } 
} 
 
CCRect VisibleRect::getVisibleRect() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return CCRectMake(s_visibleRect.origin.x, s_visibleRect.origin.y, s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.size.height); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::left() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height/2); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::right() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x+s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height/2); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::top() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width/2, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::bottom() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width/2, s_visibleRect.origin.y); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::center() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width/2, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height/2); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::leftTop() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::rightTop() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::leftBottom() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return s_visibleRect.origin; 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::rightBottom() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.origin.y); 
}

VisibleRect.cpp

#include "VisibleRect.h" 
 
CCRect VisibleRect::s_visibleRect; 
 
void VisibleRect::lazyInit() 
{ 
 if (s_visibleRect.size.width == 0.0f && s_visibleRect.size.height == 0.0f) 
 { 
 CCEGLView* pEGLView = CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView(); 
 s_visibleRect.origin = pEGLView->getVisibleOrigin(); 
 s_visibleRect.size = pEGLView->getVisibleSize(); 
 } 
} 
 
CCRect VisibleRect::getVisibleRect() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return CCRectMake(s_visibleRect.origin.x, s_visibleRect.origin.y, s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.size.height); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::left() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height/2); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::right() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x+s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height/2); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::top() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width/2, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::bottom() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width/2, s_visibleRect.origin.y); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::center() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width/2, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height/2); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::leftTop() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::rightTop() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height); 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::leftBottom() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return s_visibleRect.origin; 
} 
 
CCPoint VisibleRect::rightBottom() 
{ 
 lazyInit(); 
 return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.origin.y); 
}

(4)修改HelloWorldScene.cpp的init函数，使用相对位置设置坐标。

bool HelloWorld::init() 
{ 
 if ( !CCLayer::init() ) 
 { 
 return false; 
 } 
 CCMenuItemImage *pCloseItem = CCMenuItemImage::create( 
 "CloseNormal.png", 
 "CloseSelected.png", 
 this, 
 menu_selector(HelloWorld::menuCloseCallback)); 
 
 pCloseItem->setPosition(ccpAdd(VisibleRect::rightBottom(), 
 ccp(-pCloseItem->getContentSize().width/2, pCloseItem->getContentSize().height/2))); 
 
 CCMenu* pMenu = CCMenu::create(pCloseItem, NULL); 
 pMenu->setPosition(CCPointZero); 
 this->addChild(pMenu, 1); 
 
 CCLabelTTF* pLabel = CCLabelTTF::create("Hello World", "Arial", SCALE_FACTOR * 24); 
 pLabel->setPosition(ccpAdd(VisibleRect::top(), 
 ccp(0, -pLabel->getContentSize().height))); 
 this->addChild(pLabel, 1); 
 
 CCSprite* pSprite = CCSprite::create("HelloWorld.png"); 
 pSprite->setPosition(VisibleRect::center()); 
 this->addChild(pSprite, 0); 
 
 CCSprite *pLogoSprite = CCSprite::create("icon.png"); 
 pLogoSprite->setAnchorPoint( ccp(0, 0.5) ); 
 pLogoSprite->setPosition(ccpAdd(VisibleRect::left(), ccp(50, 0))); 
 this->addChild(pLogoSprite, 0); 
 
 return true; 
}
 

(5)创建窗口，main.cpp的主要内容：

AppDelegate app; 
CCEGLView* eglView = CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView(); 
 //eglView->setFrameSize(2048, 1536); 
 //eglView->setFrameSize(480, 320); 
 //eglView->setFrameSize(800, 480); 
 //eglView->setFrameSize(1024, 768); 
 //eglView->setFrameSize(1280, 800); 
 eglView->setFrameSize(1280, 768); 
 //eglView->setFrameSize(960, 640); 
 eglView->setFrameZoomFactor(0.5f); 
 
int ret = CCApplication::sharedApplication()->run();

OK，到此为止，代码部分已经完成了，下面看看在各种分辨率和不同策略下的效果图：
1. kResolutionShowAll策略：
(1)2048×1536
cocos2d-x 2.0版本自适应屏幕分辨率
(2)1024×768

(3)480×320

(4)800×480

(5)1280×800

(6)960×640