在Laravel中使用MongoDB的方法示例

MongoDB实用场景

• 产品用户访问日志，点击埋点统计信息
• 业务系统环境参数配置信息
• 业务系统运行时日志，如laravel.log，nginx.log

使用Homebrew在macoOS安装MongoDB PHP Driver

在macOS中，MongoDB 扩展已经从Homebrew仓库中移除，需要通过pecl安装此扩展。

$ sudo pecl install mongodb -v
...

Build process completed successfully
Installing '/usr/local/Cellar/[email protected]/7.2.19/pecl/20170718/mongodb.so'
install ok: channel://pecl.php.net/mongodb-1.5.4
Extension mongodb enabled in php.ini

在项目中，使用phpinfo() 查询PHP扩展安装位置。

...
Configuration File (php.ini) Path  /usr/local/etc/php/7.2
Loaded Configuration File  /usr/local/etc/php/7.2/php.ini
Scan this dir for additional .ini files  /usr/local/etc/php/7.2/conf.d
Additional .ini files parsed  /usr/local/etc/php/7.2/conf.d/ext-opcache.ini, /usr/local/etc/php/7.2/conf.d/php-memory-limits.ini
....

按照ext-opcache.ini配置，创建一个ext-mongodb.ini文件

touch /usr/local/etc/php/7.2/conf.d/ext-mongodb.ini

将mongodb.so扩展写入该文件

[mongodb]
 extension=/usr/local/Cellar/[email protected]/7.2.19/pecl/20170718/mongodb.so

同时在php.ini中移除mongodb.so扩展

extension="mongodb.so" // remove
extension="php_mongodb.so" // remove

重启一下PHP

sudo brew service restart --all

查看是否安装成功

php -m|grep mongodb

在Laravel中使用MongoDB

使用Composer创建一个Laravel项目

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel laravel-mongodb-exploer -vvv

成功后，再安装Laravel-MongoDB扩展

composer require jenssegers/mongodb -vvv

按照扩展文档说明，我们添加一个MongoDB数据库连接

//database.php
...
'mongodb' => [
      'driver'  => 'mongodb',
      'host'   => env('MONGODB_HOST', 'localhost'),
      'port'   => env('MONGODB_PORT', 27017),
      'database' => env('MONGODB_DATABASE'),
      'username' => env('MONGODB_USERNAME'),
      'password' => env('MONGODB_PASSWORD'),
      'options' => [
        'database' => 'admin' // sets the authentication database required by mongo 3
      ]
    ],
...
 
 
//.env
... 
MONGODB_HOST=127.0.0.1
MONGODB_PORT=27017
MONGODB_DATABASE=viewers
...

命令行创建MongoDB数据库

macOS中，在命令行执行mongo开启MongoDB Shell

./mongo

使用show dbs查看已有数据库

show dbs;

admin  0.000GB
config  0.000GB
local  0.000GB
viewers 0.000GB

如果没有发现viewers，则创建该数据库。注意只有viewers中存在collection时， 上面结果才会显示viewers

use viewers;

使用数据库后，需要创建colleciton

db.ad_clicks.insert({"ip":"201.35.63.14", "ad_index": 3, "created_at": "2019-06-10 11:34:12"})

使用find查询记录

> db.ad_clicks.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5cf71b34e14620598643d23b"), "ip" : "201.34.46.3", "ad_index" : "2", "created_at" : "2019-06-05 11:34:53" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5cf71d3de14620598643d23d"), "ip" : "200.14.145.64", "ad_index" : 1, "created_at" : "2019-06-04 11:11:45" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5cf71d3ee14620598643d23e"), "ip" : "200.14.145.64", "ad_index" : 1, "created_at" : "2019-06-04 11:11:45" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5cf71d44e14620598643d23f"), "ip" : "200.14.145.64", "ad_index" : 1, "created_at" : "2019-06-04 11:11:45" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5cf71d45e14620598643d240"), "ip" : "200.14.145.64", "ad_index" : 1, "created_at" : "2019-06-04 12:34:12" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5cfe28823316506991c41786"), "ip" : "201.35.63.14", "ad_index" : 3, "created_at" : "2019-06-10 11:34:12" }

在Laravel DB中查询MongoDB

使用了Laravel-MongoDB扩展，可以基于Eloquent与Query Builder操作MySQL一样的数据php artisan thinker

查询ad_clicks集合所有记录

DB::connection('mongodb')->table('ad_clicks')->get()

查询单个记录

DB::connection('mongodb')->collection('ad_clicks')->find('5cf71b34e14620598643d23b')

修改某个记录

DB::connection('mongodb')->collection('ad_clicks')->where('_id', '5cf71b34e14620598643d23b')->update(['ad_index'=>2]);

在Laravel ORM中查询MongoDB

在项目中，创建一个Model

php artisan make:model Models/AdClick

修改继承父类和数据库连接，AdClick.php

...
use Jenssegers\Mongodb\Eloquent\Model;

class AdClick extends Model
{
  protected $connection = 'mongodb';
 
   /**
   * The attributes that are mass assignable.
   *
   * @var array
   */
  protected $fillable = [];

  /**
   * The attributes that aren't mass assignable.
   *
   * @var array
   */
  protected $guarded = [];
}

继续在Thinker中，插入数据

App\Models\AdClick::create(['ip' => '31.42.4.14', 'ad_index' => 4, 'created_at' => '2019-06-10 18:10:01', 'ip2long' => ip2long('31.42.4.14')]);

统计访问数据

App\Models\AdClick::where('ip', '31.42.4.14')->count()