CentOS 7.5下搭建高可用的FastDFS分布式文件系统
FastDFS是一个开源的轻量级分布式文件系统，由跟踪服务器（tracker server）、存储服务器（storage server）和客户端（client）三个部分组成，主要解决了海量数据存储问题，特别适合以中小文件（建议范围：4KB < file_size <500MB）为载体的在线服务。
（1）每次上传文件后都会返回一个地址，用户需要自己保存此地址。
（2）为了支持大容量，存储节点（服务器）采用了分卷（或分组）的组织方式。存储系统由一个或多个卷组成，卷与卷之间的文件是相互独立的，所有卷的文件容量累加就是整个存储系统中的文件容量。一个卷可以由一台或多台存储服务器组成，一个卷下的存储服务器中的文件都是相同的，卷中的多台存储服务器起到了冗余备份和负载均衡的作用。
配置环境：
CentOS 7.5 x 64
tracker server: 192.168.5.71（tracker暂时一台，后续再添加一台做nginx+keepalived高可用）
storage server: 192.168.5.72 192.168.5.73（group1）
storage server: 192.168.5.74 192.168.5.75（group2）
#hosts文件配置
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF 192.168.5.71 storage71.blufly.com storage71 192.168.5.72 storage72.blufly.com storage72 192.168.5.73 storage73.blufly.com storage73 192.168.5.74 storage74.blufly.com storage74 192.168.5.75 storage75.blufly.com storage75 EOF
###---------------------- 安装配置tracker server ---------------------------###
yum -y install gcc-c++ libevent
#先安装libfastcommon
cd /opt git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/libfastcommon.git cd libfastcommon/ ./make.sh ./make.sh install
#安装fastdfs:
cd /opt git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs.git cd fastdfs ./make.sh ./make.sh install
#配置文件解释：
tracker.conf //负责均衡调度服务器配置文件 client.conf //客户端上传配置文件 http.conf //http服务器配置文件 storage.conf//文件存储服务器配置文件 mime.types //文件类型配置文件
#修改tracker server的配置文件
cp /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf vi /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf bind_addr= 改为 bind_addr=192.168.25.204 base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 base_path=/data/fastdfs http.server_port=8080 改为 http.server_port=80
#启动tracker server
mkdir -p /data/fastdfs /etc/init.d/fdfs_trackerd start [root@storage71 fastdfs]# netstat -tnlp|grep fdfs tcp 0 0 192.168.5.71:22122 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11631/fdfs_trackerd
#开机启动
/sbin/chkconfig --add fdfs_trackerd /sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 fdfs_trackerd on
###--------------------------- 安装配置storage server ----------------------###
yum -y install gcc-c++ libevent
#先安装libfastcommon
cd /opt git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/libfastcommon.git cd libfastcommon/ ./make.sh ./make.sh install
#安装fastdfs:
cd /opt git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs.git cd fastdfs ./make.sh ./make.sh install
#配置storage server
cp /etc/fdfs/storage.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/storage.conf #修改storage server的配置文件： vm /etc/fdfs/storage.conf bind_addr= 改为 bind_addr=192.168.5.72 #base_path需要和tracker部分的base_path保持一致，如果有修改过tracker的 base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 base_path=/data/fastdfs #修改storage的资源存放路径 store_path0=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 store_path0=/data/fastdfs #如果有多个挂载磁盘则定义多个store_path，如下 #store_path1=...... #store_path2=...... 修改storage的对应的tracker_server的ip地址和端口 tracker_server=192.168.209.121:22122 改为 tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122 #如果有多个则配置多个tracker_server #tracker_server=...... #tracker_server=...... http.server_port=8888 改为 http.server_port=80
#创建数据目录，并启动storage server
mkdir -p /data/fastdfs /etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged start [root@storage72 fastdfs]# netstat -tnlp|grep fdfs tcp 0 0 192.168.5.72:23000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11624/fdfs_storaged
#开机启动
/sbin/chkconfig --add fdfs_storaged /sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 fdfs_storaged on
#查看tracker和storage的链接情况
[root@storage71 ~]# netstat -tnlpa|grep 22122 tcp 0 0 192.168.5.71:22122 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11631/fdfs_trackerd tcp 0 0 192.168.5.71:22122 192.168.5.72:63755 ESTABLISHED 11631/fdfs_trackerd tcp 0 0 192.168.5.71:22122 192.168.5.73:47697 ESTABLISHED 11631/fdfs_trackerd
#在tracker server上配置客户端上传文件
[root@storage71 fastdfs]# cp /etc/fdfs/client.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/client.conf vim /etc/fdfs/client.conf #base_path需要和tracker部分的base_path保持一致 base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 base_path=/data/fastdfs tracker_server=192.168.0.197:22122 改为 tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122
#上传个文件，如果上传成功，会返回一个url，我们记住这个url，后面安装了nginx就可以通URL来访问上传的这个文件
[root@storage71 fastdfs]# /usr/bin/fdfs_test /etc/fdfs/client.conf upload /root/test.jpg group_name=group1, ip_addr=192.168.5.72, port=23000 storage_upload_by_filename group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKgFSFvAem6AfpJXAAA2FXv_nRs556.jpg source ip address: 192.168.5.72 file timestamp=2018-10-12 18:41:50 file size=13845 file crc32=2080349467 example file url: http://192.168.5.72/group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvAem6AfpJXAAA2FXv_nRs556.jpg storage_upload_slave_by_filename group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKgFSFvAem6AfpJXAAA2FXv_nRs556_big.jpg source ip address: 192.168.5.72 file timestamp=2018-10-12 18:41:51 file size=13845 file crc32=2080349467 example file url: http://192.168.5.72/group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvAem6AfpJXAAA2FXv_nRs556_big.jpg
通过客户端连接并上传文件：
#上传"/etc/passwd"文件到fastdfs服务器: # fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /etc/passwd 下载刚才上传的文件： # fdfs_download_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvBpdSAB33ZAAI8IU3BQ48068.jpg 查看文件属性： # fdfs_file_info /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvBpdSAB33ZAAI8IU3BQ48068.jpg 删除上传的文件： # fdfs_delete_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvBpdSAB33ZAAI8IU3BQ48068.jpg # fdfs_delete_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvBtTuAGz2VAAAJHTkxfCU312.txt 监控fastdfs的状态: # fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/client.conf
###------------------- 在storage server上安装nginx -------------------------###
#安装nginx关于fastdfs集合的扩展模块，注意这个模块nginx默认的编译模块中没有，需手动下载安装
cd /opt wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.15.5.tar.gz #jemalloc 优化nginx，内存管理 wget https://github.com/jemalloc/jemalloc/releases/download/5.1.0/jemalloc-5.1.0.tar.bz2 wget https://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.42.tar.gz #nginx缓存清理模块 wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs-nginx-module.git
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel
tar -jxvf jemalloc-5.1.0.tar.bz2 cd jemalloc-5.1.0 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jemalloc --libdir=/usr/local/lib make;make install echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf ldconfig cd ../ /usr/sbin/groupadd www /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www -s /sbin/nologin tar -zxvf pcre-8.42.tar.gz tar -zxvf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz tar -zxvf nginx-1.15.5.tar.gz cd nginx-1.15.5 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ --with-pcre=/opt/pcre-8.42 \ --user=www \ --group=www \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-http_flv_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --with-ld-opt="-ljemalloc" \ --with-http_realip_module \ --add-module=/opt/fastdfs-nginx-module/src \ --add-module=/opt/ngx_cache_purge-2.3 make;make install
#修改mod_fastdfs配置文件
cp /opt/fastdfs-nginx-module/src/mod_fastdfs.conf /etc/fdfs/ cd /opt/fastdfs/conf/ #进入fastdfs安装包文件夹 cp anti-steal.jpg http.conf mime.types /etc/fdfs/ vi /etc/fdfs/mod_fastdfs.conf base_path=/tmp 改为 base_path=/data/fastdfs tracker_server=tracker:22122 改为 tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122 store_path0=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 store_path0=/data/fastdfs url_have_group_name = false 改为 true
#配置nginx
server {
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.5.72;
location /group1/M00 {
ngx_fastdfs_module;
}
}#添加nginx启动脚本
cat >> /etc/init.d/nginx <<EOF
#! /bin/sh
ulimit -n 65535
# Description: Startup script for nginx
# chkconfig: 2345 55 25
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DESC="nginx daemon"
NAME=nginx
DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME
CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/nginx/conf/$NAME.conf
PIDFILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
set -e
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0
do_start() {
$DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "nginx already running"
}
do_stop() {
kill -INT `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx not running"
}
do_reload() {
kill -HUP `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx can't reload"
}
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
do_start
echo "."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"
do_stop
echo "."
;;
reload|graceful)
echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
do_reload
echo "."
;;
restart)
echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"
do_stop
do_start
echo "."
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}" >&2
exit 3
;;
esac
exit 0
EOF#将nginx添加到启动服务中
chmod 700 /etc/init.d/nginx /sbin/chkconfig --add nginx /sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 nginx on
#启动nginx
[root@storage72 opt]# /etc/init.d/nginx start Starting nginx daemon: nginxngx_http_fastdfs_set pid=21702
#查看jemalloc内存管理
lsof -n | grep jemalloc
###------------------ tracker server端做nginx反向代理 ----------------------###
#nginx.conf配置
upstream fdfs_group1 {
server 192.168.5.72 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 192.168.5.73 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.5.71;
location /group1/M00 {
proxy_pass http://fdfs_group1;
}
}###---------------------------- PHP客户端配置 ------------------------------###
#首先客户端要安装LNMP环境或者LANMP环境
#因为php的客户端安装也会依赖fastdfs本身的一些库文件，所以要安装fastdfs
cd /opt/fastdfs/php_client /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make;make install
cat fastdfs_client.ini >> /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
#配置fastDFS的client.conf
mkdir -p /data/fastdfs cp /etc/fdfs/client.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/client.conf vi /etc/fdfs/client.conf base_path=/data/fastfds tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122 http.tracker_server_port=80
#重新加载php
service php-fpm reload
#验证模块是否被正常加载
/usr/local/php/bin/php -m | grep fastdfs_client
#通过http上传测试
cat test.php
<html>
<body>
<form action="upload.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<label for="file">Filename:</label>
<input type="file" name="upFile" id="upFile" />
<br />
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html>cat upload.php
<?php
header('Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8');
//上传附件
function uploadAttach()
{/*{{{*/
$ret = array();
$ret['errorcode'] = 0;
$ret['errormsg'] = '';
if(!$_FILES || false == isset($_FILES["upFile"]))
{
$ret['errorcode'] = 1;
$ret['errormsg'] = "ERROR:upFile is not set";
return $ret;
}
$file = $_FILES["upFile"];
if (false == isset($file['tmp_name']) || false == is_file($file['tmp_name']))
{
$ret['errorcode'] = 2;
$ret['errormsg'] = "tmp_name is not file";
return $ret;
}
if (0 == filesize($file['tmp_name']))
{
$ret['errorcode'] = 3;
$ret['errormsg'] = "tmp_name filesize is 0";
return $ret;
}
$curlFile = new CurlFile($file['tmp_name'], $file['type'], $file['name']);
$fileSuffix = getSuffix($curlFile->getPostFilename());
$ret['file'] = $file;
$ret['fileId'] = uploadToFastdfs($curlFile, $fileSuffix);
return $ret;
}/*}}}*/
//获取后缀
function getSuffix($fileName)
{/*{{{*/
preg_match('/\.(\w+)?$/', $fileName, $matchs);
return isset($matchs[1])?$matchs[1]:'';
}/*}}}*/
//上传文件到fastdfs
function uploadToFastdfs(CurlFile $file, $fileSuffix)
{/*{{{*/
$fdfs = new FastDFS();
$tracker = $fdfs->tracker_get_connection();
$fileId = $fdfs->storage_upload_by_filebuff1(file_get_contents($file->getFilename()), $fileSuffix);
$fdfs->tracker_close_all_connections();
return $fileId;
}/*}}}*/
function start()
{
$ret = uploadAttach();
print_r($ret);
}
start();
?>
#通过php脚本上传测试
echo "php client is here." > /opt/upload.txt
cat test.php
<?php
var_dump(function_exists('fastdfs_storage_upload_by_filename'));
$ret = fastdfs_storage_upload_by_filename('/opt/upload.txt');
var_dump($ret);
?>#执行php脚本
/usr/local/php/bin/php test.php
###------------------------- storage server宕机测试 ------------------------###
#先关闭storage73
#通过tracker可以看到storage73已经不在线了
#然后通过客户端上传一张图片
#上传的图片可以正常访问
#重启storage73看上传的图片有没有同步过来
###--------------------------- 横向扩容，增加group2 ------------------------###
#添加一组storage server: 192.168.5.74 192.168.5.75（group2）
#分别安装fastdfs、nginx、fastdfs-nginx-module
#修改group2成员的storage.conf（192.168.5.74 192.168.5.75）
cp /etc/fdfs/storage.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
#修改storage server的配置文件：
vi /etc/fdfs/storage.conf group_name=group2 bind_addr=192.168.5.74 base_path=/data/fastdfs store_path0=/data/fastdfs tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122 http.server_port=80
#创建数据目录，并启动storage server
mkdir -p /data/fastdfs /etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged start
#开机启动
/sbin/chkconfig --add fdfs_storaged /sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 fdfs_storaged on
#修改所有storage server的mod_fastdfs.conf配置文件
vi /etc/fdfs/mod_fastdfs.conf base_path=/data/fastdfs tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122 store_path0=/data/fastdfs url_have_group_name = true group_name=group1/group2 # 所有组名 group_count = 2 # 组的总数 # 把所有组和目录都添加上 [group1] group_name=group1 storage_server_port=23000 store_path_count=1 store_path0=/data/fastdfs [group2] group_name=group2 storage_server_port=23000 store_path_count=1 store_path0=/data/fastdfs
#在所有storage机器上，创建所有组的store_path目录
mkdir -p /data/fastdfs
#修改所有storage server的nginx配置文件
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location ~/group([0-9])/M00/{
ngx_fastdfs_module;
}
}#重启storage server的nginx
/etc/init.d/nginx restart
#修改tracker server的反向代理
user www www;
worker_processes 8;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
#工作模式及连接数上限
events {
worker_connections 65535;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile off;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 300;
#nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时)
proxy_connect_timeout 300s;
#连接成功后，后端服务器响应时间(代理接收超时)
proxy_read_timeout 300s;
proxy_send_timeout 300s;
#设置代理服务器（nginx）保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小
proxy_buffer_size 64k;
#proxy_buffers缓冲区，网页平均在32k以下的话，这样设置
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
#高负荷下缓冲大小（proxy_buffers*2）
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
#设定缓存文件夹大小，大于这个值，将从upstream服务器传递请求，而不缓冲到磁盘
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
#不允许代理端主动关闭连接
proxy_ignore_client_abort on;
proxy_cache_path /data/cache1 levels=1:2 keys_zone=fastdfs_cache:200m inactive=1d max_size=20g;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 128k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 128k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#nginx cache命中率统计日志
log_format cachelog '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" '
'"$upstream_cache_status" $body_bytes_sent';
#设置 group1 的服务器
upstream fdfs_group1 {
server 192.168.5.72 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 192.168.5.73 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
#设置 group2 的服务器
upstream fdfs_group2 {
server 192.168.5.74 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 192.168.5.75 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
#设置 group 的负载均衡参数
location /group1/M00 {
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_cache fastdfs_cache;
proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h;
proxy_cache_key $uri$is_args$args;
proxy_pass http://fdfs_group1;
expires 30d;
}
location /group2/M00 {
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_cache fastdfs_cache;
proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h;
proxy_cache_key $uri$is_args$args;
proxy_pass http://fdfs_group2;
expires 30d;
}
#设置清除缓存的访问权限
location ~/purge(/.*) {
allow 127.0.0.1;
allow 192.168.5.0/24;
deny all;
proxy_cache_purge http-cache $1$is_args$args;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}#fastdfs状态监控
[root@storage71 /]# fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/client.conf
server_count=1, server_index=0
tracker server is 192.168.5.71:22122
group count: 2
Group 1:
group name = group1
Storage 1:
id = 192.168.5.72
ip_addr = 192.168.5.72 (storage72.blufly.com) ACTIV
Storage 2:
id = 192.168.5.73
ip_addr = 192.168.5.73 (storage73.blufly.com) WAIT_SYNC
Group 2:
group name = group2
Storage 1:
id = 192.168.5.74
ip_addr = 192.168.5.74 (storage74.blufly.com) ACTIVE
Storage 2:
id = 192.168.5.75
ip_addr = 192.168.5.75 (storage75.blufly.com) WAIT_SYNC#上传图片测试
#fastdfs的storage server的状态查询
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