【docker】CentOS6.8+Python2.7+selenium+Firefox的搭建
当前Docker容器配置:
- Centos6.8
- python2.6.6
目标Docker容器配置:
- Centos6.8
- python2.7
- selenium 3.141.0
- geckodriver 0.15
- firefox 52.8.0
- Pillow 6.1.0
- pytesseract 0.2.7
安装依赖环境
yum install -y zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel libffi-devel gcc make wget git unzip gcc gcc-c++ libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libgif-devel
创建目录存放安装包
mkdir /usr/local/download cd /usr/local/download
安装Python2.7
# 安装python2.7 wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.15/Python-2.7.15.tgz tar -zxvf Python-2.7.15.tgz cd Python-2.7.15 ./configure make && make install mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python_bak ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python # 安装pip wget --no-check-certificate https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py python get-pip.py ln -s /usr/local/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip # 配置pip源(豆瓣) cd mkdir .pip cd .pip vi pip.conf #写入如下内容: [global] index-url=http://pypi.douban.com/simple trusted-host = pypi.douban.com
安装tesseract
# 先安装leptonica cd /usr/local/download wget http://www.leptonica.org/source/leptonica-1.72.tar.gz tar xvzf leptonica-1.72.tar.gz cd leptonica-1.72/ ./configure make && make install # 安装tesseract cd /usr/local/download wget https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/archive/3.04.zip unzip 3.04.zip cd tesseract-3.04/ ./configure make && make install # 手动更新动态链接库 ldconfig # pip安装pytesseract pip install pytesseract # 安装语言包 在https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata 下载对应语言的模型文件 由于目前只需要识别手机号码和英文,只下载一个eng.traineddata文件即可, 将模型文件移动到/usr/local/share/tessdata 然后即可进行识别 # 示例 import pytesseract from PIL import Image image = Image.open('bb.png') code = pytesseract.image_to_string(image) print(code)
安装selenium+firefox+geckodriver
安装selenium
pip install selenium # 查看版本 pip show selenium
安装geckodriver
cd /usr/local/download wget https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases/download/v0.15.0/geckodriver-v0.15.0-linux64.tar.gz tar xvzf geckodriver-*.tar.gz rm -f /usr/bin/geckodriver # 软链接必须用绝对路径 ln -s /usr/local/download/geckodriver /usr/bin/geckodriver
安装firefox
cd /usr/local/download wget http://www.rpmfind.net/linux/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/firefox-52.8.0-1.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm yum install -y firefox-52.8.0-1.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm
安装中文字体
# 新建字体目录 chinese: mkdir /usr/share/fonts/chinese # 将windows系统盘 c:\windows\fonts\中的字体直接上传至 centos 的 /usr/share/fonts/chinese目录下即可 chmod -R 755 /usr/share/fonts/chinese yum -y install ttmkfdir ttmkfdir -e /usr/share/X11/fonts/encodings/encodings.dir # 修改fonts.conf的Font directory list,即字体列表,在这里需要把我们添加的中文字体位置加进去: vi /etc/fonts/fonts.conf <dir>/usr/share/fonts/chinese</dir> # 刷新内存中的字体缓存,这样就不用reboot重启了: fc-cache # 最后再次通过fc-list看一下字体列表: fc-list
安装 xvfb
在Linux中有1个很好用的工具xvfb,它是1个X服务可以用于在没有显示器的硬件和物理输入设备上运行
a,安装必需的软件包 [ ~]# yum install -y xdg-utils xorg-x11-server-Xvfb xorg-x11-xkb-utils a,安装xvfb的绑定 [ ~]# pip install xvfbwrapper pyvirtualdisplay
测试用例:
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- from selenium import webdriver from pyvirtualdisplay import Display from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary display = Display(visible=0, size=(800,600)) display.start() binary = FirefoxBinary('/usr/bin/firefox') driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary) driver.get('https://www.baidu.com') print(driver.title.encode('utf8')) driver.quit() display.stop()
pip安装所需包
#安装包 pip install requests pip install Pillow pip install httplib2 pip install excel
参考:
CentOS6.8 安装python2.7,pip以及yum
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