浅谈JSONObject解析JSON数据
个人博客同步文章 https://mr-houzi.com/2018/06/...
根据一段天气API来说一下JSONObject如何解析json数据,尽管现在在开发中使用Gson等,对于像我这样初次使用Java做开发的小白,说一下也是好的。
JSON数据
选取这段json数据是因为这段数据还是比较复杂的,能涵盖要说的关键点
{ "data": { "city": "深圳", "temphigh": "25", "templow": "19", "updatetime": "2017-11-04 13:23:00", "tempnow": "24", "sendibletemp": "27", "winddirect": "东北风", "windpower": "2级", "humidity": "42", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "weather": "多云", "week": "星期六", "nl": null, "date": "2017-11-04", "index": [ { "name": "化妆指数", "level": "控油", "msg": "建议用露质面霜打底,水质无油粉底霜,透明粉饼,粉质胭脂。" }, { "name": "感冒指数", "level": "易发", "msg": "感冒容易发生,少去人群密集的场所有利于降低感冒的几率。" }, { "name": "洗车指数", "level": "不宜", "msg": "雨(雪)水和泥水会弄脏您的爱车,不适宜清洗车辆。" }, { "name": "穿衣指数", "level": "舒适", "msg": "白天温度适中,但早晚凉,易穿脱的便携外套很实用。" }, { "name": "紫外线强度指数", "level": "弱", "msg": "辐射较弱,涂擦SPF12-15、PA+护肤品。" }, { "name": "运动指数", "level": "不适宜", "msg": "受到阵雨天气的影响,不宜在户外运动。" } ], "pm25": { "aqi": 0, "co": 8, "o3": 42, "pm10": 63, "pm2_5": 64, "quality": "良", "so2": 4, "no2": 11, "updatetime": "2017-11-04 13:00:00" }, "daily": [ { "date": "2017-11-04", "week": "星期六", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "25", "templow": "19", "weather": "多云" }, { "date": "2017-11-05", "week": "星期日", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "26", "templow": "19", "weather": "多云" }, { "date": "2017-11-06", "week": "星期一", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "27", "templow": "20", "weather": "多云" }, { "date": "2017-11-07", "week": "星期二", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "28", "templow": "21", "weather": "多云" }, { "date": "2017-11-08", "week": "星期三", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "29", "templow": "22", "weather": "多云" }, { "date": "2017-11-09", "week": "星期四", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "28", "templow": "22", "weather": "多云" }, { "date": "2017-11-03", "week": "星期五", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "28", "templow": "18", "weather": "晴" } ] }, "status": 0, "msg": "ok" }
解析JSON
利用JSONString进行简单解析
我利用了RxVolley进行数据通信,t为API返回的数据
RxVolley.get("https://chkj02.market.alicloudapi.com/qgtq?city="+city, params, new HttpCallback() { @Override public void onSuccess(String t) { Loger.debug("请求到的数据:" + t); } });
我们现在要获取这部分数据,该如何进行解析呢?
首先,将t中的数据传到JSONObject
类型的jsonObject中,再通过getJSONObject
获取到data
下的数据。
//解析数据 JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(t); JSONObject jsonData = jsonObject.getJSONObject("data");
此时,jsonData中数据为
{ "city": "深圳", "temphigh": "25", "templow": "19", "updatetime": "2017-11-04 13:23:00", "tempnow": "24", "sendibletemp": "27", "winddirect": "东北风", "windpower": "2级", "humidity": "42", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "weather": "多云", "week": "星期六", "nl": null, "date": "2017-11-04" }
然后通过getString
进行读值即可
//解析天气 String jsonTemplow = jsonData.getString("templow"); String jsonTempHigh = jsonData.getString("temphigh"); String jsonWeather = jsonData.getString("weather"); String jsonTempnow = jsonData.getString("tempnow"); String jsonWinddirect = jsonData.getString("winddirect"); String jsonWindpower = jsonData.getString("windpower"); String jsonHumidity = jsonData.getString("humidity");
利用JSONArray进行复杂解析
这次,我们要获取这部分数据
首先,将t中的数据传到JSONObject类型的jsonObject中,再通过getJSONObject
获取到data
下的数据。然后jsonArray通过getJSONArray
获得index
下的数据
//解析数据 JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(t); JSONObject jsonData = jsonObject.getJSONObject("data"); JSONArray jsonIndex =jsonData.getJSONArray("index"); JSONArray jsonDaily =jsonData.getJSONArray("daily");
方法一
此时,jsonDaily中数据为
[ { "date": "2017-11-04", "week": "星期六", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "25", "templow": "19", "weather": "多云" }, { "date": "2017-11-05", "week": "星期日", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "26", "templow": "19", "weather": "多云" }, { "date": "2017-11-06", "week": "星期一", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "27", "templow": "20", "weather": "多云" }, { "date": "2017-11-07", "week": "星期二", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "28", "templow": "21", "weather": "多云" }, { "date": "2017-11-08", "week": "星期三", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "29", "templow": "22", "weather": "多云" }, { "date": "2017-11-09", "week": "星期四", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "28", "templow": "22", "weather": "多云" }, { "date": "2017-11-03", "week": "星期五", "sunrise": "06:29", "sunset": "17:45", "temphigh": "28", "templow": "18", "weather": "晴" } ]
把jsonDaily中按分类进行解析,分为几个ArrayList<>,dates
、weeks
、weathers
等,然后进行for循环。
List<String> dates = new ArrayList<>(); List<String> weeks = new ArrayList<>(); List<String> weathers = new ArrayList<>(); int j=1; for (int i=0;i<jsonArray.length();i++){ JSONObject partDaily = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i); JSONString date = partDaily.getString("date"); dates.add(date); JSONString week = partDaily.getString("week"); weeks.add(week); JSONString weather = partDaily.getString("weather"); weathers.add(weather); }
方法二
此时,jsonIndex中数据为
[ { "name": "化妆指数", "level": "控油", "msg": "建议用露质面霜打底,水质无油粉底霜,透明粉饼,粉质胭脂。" }, { "name": "感冒指数", "level": "易发", "msg": "感冒容易发生,少去人群密集的场所有利于降低感冒的几率。" }, { "name": "洗车指数", "level": "不宜", "msg": "雨(雪)水和泥水会弄脏您的爱车,不适宜清洗车辆。" }, { "name": "穿衣指数", "level": "舒适", "msg": "白天温度适中,但早晚凉,易穿脱的便携外套很实用。" }, { "name": "紫外线强度指数", "level": "弱", "msg": "辐射较弱,涂擦SPF12-15、PA+护肤品。" }, { "name": "运动指数", "level": "不适宜", "msg": "受到阵雨天气的影响,不宜在户外运动。" } ]
jsonArray为二维数组,我们通过两个嵌套循环进行遍历。首先,外层根据数组长度进行for循环遍历;然后内层使用迭代器进行遍历。
String[] jsonIndex = new String[20];//数组长度声明为20确保够用 int j=1; for (int i=0;i<jsonArray.length();i++){ JSONObject partIndex = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i); Iterator iterator = partIndex.keys(); String key; while(iterator.hasNext()){ //hasNext方法,只是判断下一个元素的有无,并不移动指针 key = (String) iterator.next();//next方法,向下移动指针,并且返回指针指向的元素,如果指针指向的内存中没有元素,会报异常 jsonIndex[j] = partIndex.getString(key); j++; } }
这样此指数数据就被我们成功解析,然后存入jsonIndex数组中。
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