Spring之在开发中使用SpringJDBC
在实际开发中使用SpringJDBC有两种方式:
1. 在Dao中添加属性JdbcTemplate并用Spring注入;
JdbcTemplate类被设计成为线程安全的,所以可以在IOC 容器中声明它的单个实例,并将这个实例注入到所有的 DAO 实例中。JdbcTemplate也利用了Java 1.5 的特定(自动装箱,泛型,可变长度等)来简化开发。
2. 使Dao继承JdbcDaoSupport;
Spring JDBC 框架还提供了一个 JdbcDaoSupport 类来简化 DAO 实现,该类声明了 jdbcTemplate 属性,它可以从 IOC 容器中注入,或者自动从数据源中创建。
Dao设计示例:
1. 添加jdbcTemplate属性,用注解配置
1.1 添加Dao
package xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbctemplate.annotation; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import xyz.huning.dao.impl.Employee; import xyz.huning.dao.impl.IEmployeeDao; @Repository public class EmployeeDao implements IEmployeeDao{ @Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; @Override public Employee getEmployeeById(int id) { String sql = "select id,name,level from t_employee where id = ?"; RowMapper<Employee> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Employee>(Employee.class); return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, rowMapper, id); } }
1.2 添加配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbctemplate.annotation"></context:component-scan> <!-- 导入资源文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/> <!-- 配置 C3P0 数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${c3p0.initialPoolSize}"></property> <property name="minPoolSize" value="${c3p0.minPoolSize}"></property> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${c3p0.maxPoolSize}"></property> <property name="maxIdleTime" value="${c3p0.maxIdleTime}"></property> <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="${c3p0.idleConnectionTestPeriod}"></property> </bean> <!--配置Spring的JdbcTemplate--> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> </beans>
1.3 添加测试类
package xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbctemplate.annotation; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import xyz.huning.dao.impl.Employee; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbctemplate-annotation.xml"); EmployeeDao employeeDao = ctx.getBean("employeeDao", EmployeeDao.class); Employee employee = employeeDao.getEmployeeById(1); System.out.println(employee); ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)ctx).close(); } }
2. 添加jdbcTemplate属性,用XML配置
2.1 添加Dao
package xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbctemplate.xml; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; import xyz.huning.dao.impl.Employee; import xyz.huning.dao.impl.IEmployeeDao; public class EmployeeDao implements IEmployeeDao{ private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) { this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate; } @Override public Employee getEmployeeById(int id) { String sql = "select id,name,level from t_employee where id = ?"; RowMapper<Employee> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Employee>(Employee.class); return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, rowMapper, id); } }
2.2 添加配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 导入资源文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/> <!-- 配置 C3P0 数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${c3p0.initialPoolSize}"></property> <property name="minPoolSize" value="${c3p0.minPoolSize}"></property> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${c3p0.maxPoolSize}"></property> <property name="maxIdleTime" value="${c3p0.maxIdleTime}"></property> <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="${c3p0.idleConnectionTestPeriod}"></property> </bean> <!--配置Spring的JdbcTemplate--> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <bean id="employeeDao" class="xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbctemplate.xml.EmployeeDao"> <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property> </bean> </beans>
2.3 添加测试类
package xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbctemplate.xml; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import xyz.huning.dao.impl.Employee; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbctemplate-xml.xml"); EmployeeDao employeeDao = ctx.getBean("employeeDao", EmployeeDao.class); Employee employee = employeeDao.getEmployeeById(1); System.out.println(employee); ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)ctx).close(); } }
3. 继承JdbcDaoSupport ,用注解配置
备注: 可以选择向Dao中注入JdbcTemplate或者向Dao中注入dataSource
3.1 添加Dao
package xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbcdaosuppport.annotation; import javax.sql.DataSource; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import xyz.huning.dao.impl.Employee; import xyz.huning.dao.impl.IEmployeeDao; @Repository public class EmployeeDao extends JdbcDaoSupport implements IEmployeeDao{ @Autowired public void injectDataSource(DataSource dataSource) { setDataSource(dataSource); } // @Autowired // public void injectJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) // { // setJdbcTemplate(jdbcTemplate); // } @Override public Employee getEmployeeById(int id) { String sql = "select id,name,level from t_employee where id = ?"; RowMapper<Employee> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Employee>(Employee.class); return getJdbcTemplate().queryForObject(sql, rowMapper, id); } }
3.2 添加配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbcdaosuppport.annotation"></context:component-scan> <!-- 导入资源文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/> <!-- 配置 C3P0 数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${c3p0.initialPoolSize}"></property> <property name="minPoolSize" value="${c3p0.minPoolSize}"></property> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${c3p0.maxPoolSize}"></property> <property name="maxIdleTime" value="${c3p0.maxIdleTime}"></property> <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="${c3p0.idleConnectionTestPeriod}"></property> </bean> <!--配置Spring的JdbcTemplate--> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> </beans>
3.3 添加测试类
package xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbcdaosuppport.annotation; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import xyz.huning.dao.impl.Employee; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbcdaosuppport-annotation.xml"); EmployeeDao employeeDao = ctx.getBean("employeeDao", EmployeeDao.class); Employee employee = employeeDao.getEmployeeById(1); System.out.println(employee); ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)ctx).close(); } }
4. 继承JdbcDaoSupport ,用XML配置
备注: 可以选择向Dao中注入JdbcTemplate或者向Dao中注入dataSource
4.1 添加Dao
package xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbcdaosupport.xml; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport; import xyz.huning.dao.impl.Employee; import xyz.huning.dao.impl.IEmployeeDao; public class EmployeeDao extends JdbcDaoSupport implements IEmployeeDao{ @Override public Employee getEmployeeById(int id) { String sql = "select id,name,level from t_employee where id = ?"; RowMapper<Employee> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Employee>(Employee.class); return getJdbcTemplate().queryForObject(sql, rowMapper, id); } }
4.2 添加配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 导入资源文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/> <!-- 配置 C3P0 数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${c3p0.initialPoolSize}"></property> <property name="minPoolSize" value="${c3p0.minPoolSize}"></property> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${c3p0.maxPoolSize}"></property> <property name="maxIdleTime" value="${c3p0.maxIdleTime}"></property> <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="${c3p0.idleConnectionTestPeriod}"></property> </bean> <!--向Dao中注入JdbcTemplate--> <!-- <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <bean id="employeeDao" class="xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbcdaosupport.xml.EmployeeDao"> <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property> </bean> --> <!--向Dao中注入dataSource--> <bean id="employeeDao" class="xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbcdaosupport.xml.EmployeeDao"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> </beans>
4.3 添加测试类
package xyz.huning.dao.impl.jdbcdaosupport.xml; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import xyz.huning.dao.impl.Employee; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("jdbcdaosuppport-xml.xml"); EmployeeDao employeeDao = ctx.getBean("employeeDao", EmployeeDao.class); Employee employee = employeeDao.getEmployeeById(1); System.out.println(employee); ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)ctx).close(); } }
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