HtmlUnit 的使用
HtmlUnit是Java一个开发工具包,利用它写的Java代码可以模仿人点击link,提交表单的功能.主要是用来测试.
可以到这里http://htmlunit.sourceforge.net/了解详细信息.
模仿一个特定的浏览器
通常您会希望将模拟特定浏览器.这样做是通过传递 com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.BrowserVersion到的WebClient构造。常数提供了一些常见的浏览器,但您可以创建自己的特定版本的执行一个BrowserVersion 。
public void homePage_Firefox() throws Exception { final WebClient webClient = new WebClient(BrowserVersion.FIREFOX_2); final HtmlPage page = webClient.getPage("http://htmlunit.sourceforge.net"); assertEquals("HtmlUnit - Welcome to HtmlUnit", page.getTitleText()); }
找到特定元素
一旦你得到了一个参考的HtmlPage ,您可以搜索特定HtmlElement之一的'get'方法,或使用的XPath 。下面是一个例子,找到一个'线'的ID ,搜到了锚的名字:
get 方法
public void getElements() throws Exception { final WebClient webClient = new WebClient(); final HtmlPage page = webClient.getPage("http://htmlunit.sourceforge.net"); final HtmlDivision div = page.getHtmlElementById("some_div_id"); final HtmlAnchor anchor = page.getAnchorByName("anchor_name");
Xpath
public void xpath() throws Exception { final WebClient webClient = new WebClient(); final HtmlPage page = webClient.getPage("http://htmlunit.sourceforge.net"); //get list of all divs final List<?> divs = page.getByXPath("//div"); //get div which has a 'name' attribute of 'John' final HtmlDivision div = (HtmlDivision) page.getByXPath("//div[@name='John']").get(0); }
使用代理服务器
最后WebClient构造让您可以指定代理服务器信息,在这些情况下,你需要通过一个连接。
public void homePage_proxy() throws Exception { final WebClient webClient = new WebClient(BrowserVersion.FIREFOX_2, "http://myproxyserver", myProxyPort); //set proxy username and password final DefaultCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = (DefaultCredentialsProvider) webClient.getCredentialsProvider(); credentialsProvider.addProxyCredentials("username", "password"); final HtmlPage page = webClient.getPage("http://htmlunit.sourceforge.net"); assertEquals("HtmlUnit - Welcome to HtmlUnit", page.getTitleText()); }
指定此BrowserVersion将改变发送到服务器的用户代理header,这行影响一Javascript的一些行为 。
提交表单
我们经常需要改变表单元素的值,并且提交到服务器:
public void submittingForm() throws Exception { final WebClient webClient = new WebClient(); // Get the first page final HtmlPage page1 = webClient.getPage("http://some_url"); // Get the form that we are dealing with and within that form, // find the submit button and the field that we want to change. final HtmlForm form = page1.getFormByName("myform"); final HtmlSubmitInput button = form.getInputByName("submitbutton"); final HtmlTextInput textField = form.getInputByName("userid"); // Change the value of the text field textField.setValueAttribute("root"); // Now submit the form by clicking the button and get back the second page. final HtmlPage page2 = button.click(); }