Nginx服务器下使用rewrite重写url以实现伪静态的示例
经过网上查阅和测试,发现Nginx的Rewrite规则和Apache的Rewite规则差别不是很大,几乎可以直接使用。比如在Apache中这样写规则
rewrite ^/([0-9]{5}).html$ /viewthread.php?tid=$1 last;
而在Nginx中写成这样写是无法启动的,解决的办法是加上两个双引号:
rewrite "^/([0-9]{5}).html$" /viewthread.php?tid=$1 last;
同时将RewriteRule为Rewrite,基本就实现了Nginx的Rewrite规则到Apache的Rewite规则的转换。
Rewrite的Flags
- last - 基本上都用这个Flag。
- break - 中止Rewirte,不在继续匹配
- redirect - 返回临时重定向的HTTP状态302
- permanent - 返回永久重定向的HTTP状态301
WordPress的Rewrite
其实在Nginx下配置WordPress的Rewrite还是比较简单的,在location /{..................}里面加入
if (!-f $request_filename){ rewrite (.*) /index.php; }
即可实现。
下面是一个完整的vhost的配置文件
server { listen 80; server_name ccvita.com www.ccvita.com; location / { index index.html index.htm index.php; root /www/wwwroot/ccvita.com; if (-f $request_filename/index.html){ rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break; } if (-f $request_filename/index.php){ rewrite (.*) $1/index.php; } if (!-f $request_filename){ rewrite (.*) /index.php; } } location ~ \.php$ { include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8787; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /www/wwwroot/ccvita.com$fastcgi_script_name; } location /ccvita-status { stub_status on; access_log off; } }
Discuz!的Rewrite
下面的Rewrite中百分号前面多了个转移字符“\”,这在Apache中是需要的,而在Nginx中则是不需要的。
rewrite ^/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ /viewthread.php?tid=$1&extra=page\%3D$3&page=$2 last;
正确的应该是
rewrite ^/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ /viewthread.php?tid=$1&extra=page%3D$3&page=$2 last;
这个错误在基本上目前所有使用Nginx作为服务器,并且开启了Rewrite的网站上存在。包括Discuz!官方,目前已经给cnteacher反馈了。
Nginx实例代码
server { listen 80; server_name www.ccvita.com ccvita.com; location / { index index.html index.htm index.php; root /www/www.ccvita.com; rewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-[\w\-]+\.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last; rewrite ^(.*)/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last; rewrite ^(.*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page%3D$4&page=$3 last; rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last; rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last; rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+)\.html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last; } location ~ \.php$ { include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8694; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /www/www.ccvita.com$fastcgi_script_name; } location /www.ccvita.com-status { stub_status on; access_log off; } }
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