嵌入式Linux基础教程(第2版):英文版
嵌入式Linux基础教程(第2版):英文版
编辑推荐
嵌入式Linux权威著作
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全面剖析嵌入式Linux开发，揭示大量技术内幕基本信息
- 作者： (美)Christopher Hallinan
- 丛书名： 图灵程序设计丛书
- 出版社：人民邮电出版社
- ISBN：9787115268693
- 上架时间：2012-1-9
- 出版日期：2012 年1月
http://product.china-pub.com/194677
内容简介
<!--更改-->目录
edition xxxiii
acknowledgmentsforthesecondedition xxxv
abouttheauthor xxxvi
chapter1introduction 1
1.1whylinux? 2
1.2embeddedlinuxtoday 3
1.3opensourceandthegpl 3
1.3.1freeversusfreedom 4
1.4standardsandrelevantbodies 5
1.4.1linuxstandardbase 5
1.4.2linuxfoundation 6
1.4.3carrier-gradelinux 6
1.4.4mobilelinuxinitiative:moblin 7
1.4.5serviceavailabilityforum 7
1.5summary 8
1.5.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 8
chapter2thebigpicture 9
2.1embeddedornot? 10
2.1.1biosversusbootloader 11
2.2.1typicalembeddedlinuxsetup 13
2.2.2startingthetargetboard 14
2.2.3bootingthekernel 16
2.2.4kernelinitialization:overview 18
2.2.5firstuserspaceprocess:init 19
2.3storageconsiderations 20
2.3.1flashmemory 20
2.3.2nandflash 22
2.1.1biosversusbootloader 11
2.2anatomyofanembeddedsystem 12
2.2.1typicalembeddedlinuxsetup 13
2.2.2startingthetargetboard 14
2.2.3bootingthekernel 16
2.2.4kernelinitialization:overview 18
2.2.5firstuserspaceprocess:init 19
2.3storageconsiderations 20
2.3.1flashmemory 20
2.3.2nandflash 22
2.3.3flashusage 23
2.3.4flashfilesystems 24
2.3.5memoryspace 25
2.3.6executioncontexts 26
2.3.7processvirtualmemory 28
2.3.8cross-developmentenvironment 30
2.4embeddedlinuxdistributions 32
2.4.1commerciallinuxdistributions 33
2.4.2do-it-yourselflinuxdistributions 33
2.5summary 34
2.5.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 35
chapter3processorbasics 37
3.1stand-aloneprocessors 38
3.1.1ibm970fx 39
3.1.2intelpentiumm 39
3.1.3intelatom? 40
3.1.4freescalempc7448 40
3.1.5companionchipsets 41
3.2integratedprocessors:systemsonchip 43
3.2.1powerarchitecture 44
3.2.2freescalepowerarchitecture 44
3.2.3freescalepowerquicci 45
3.2.4freescalepowerquiccii 46
3.2.5powerquicciipro 47
3.2.6freescalepowerquicciii 48
3.2.7freescaleqoriq? 48
3.1.4freescalempc7448 40
3.1.5companionchipsets 41
3.2integratedprocessors:systemsonchip 43
3.2.1powerarchitecture 44
3.2.2freescalepowerarchitecture 44
3.2.3freescalepowerquicci 45
3.2.4freescalepowerquiccii 46
3.2.5powerquicciipro 47
3.2.6freescalepowerquicciii 48
3.2.7freescaleqoriq? 48
3.2.8amccpowerarchitecture 50
3.2.9mips 53
3.2.10broadcommips 54
3.2.11othermips 55
3.2.12arm 55
3.2.13tiarm 56
3.2.14freescalearm 58
3.2.15otherarmprocessors 59
3.3otherarchitectures 59
3.4hardwareplatforms 60
3.4.1compactpci 60
3.4.2atca 60
3.5summary 61
3.5.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 62
chapter4thelinuxkernel:adifferentperspective 63
4.1background 64
4.1.1kernelversions 65
4.1.2kernelsourcerepositories 67
4.1.3usinggittodownloadakernel 68
4.2linuxkernelconstruction 68
4.2.1top-levelsourcedirectory 69
4.2.2compilingthekernel 69
4.2.3thekernelproper:vmlinux 72
4.2.4kernelimagecomponents 73
4.2.5subdirectorylayout 77
4.3kernelbuildsystem 78
4.1.1kernelversions 65
4.1.2kernelsourcerepositories 67
4.1.3usinggittodownloadakernel 68
4.2linuxkernelconstruction 68
4.2.1top-levelsourcedirectory 69
4.2.2compilingthekernel 69
4.2.3thekernelproper:vmlinux 72
4.2.4kernelimagecomponents 73
4.2.5subdirectorylayout 77
4.3kernelbuildsystem 78
4.3.1thedot-config 78
4.3.2configurationeditor(s) 80
4.3.3makefiletargets 83
4.4kernelconfiguration 89
4.4.1customconfigurationoptions 91
4.4.2kernelmakefiles 95
4.5kerneldocumentation 96
4.6obtainingacustomlinuxkernel 96
4.6.1whatelsedoineed? 97
4.7summary 97
4.7.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 98
chapter5kernelinitialization 99
5.1compositekernelimage:piggyandfriends 100
5.1.1theimageobject 103
5.1.2architectureobjects 104
5.1.3bootstraploader 105
5.1.4bootmessages 106
5.2initializationflowofcontrol 109
5.2.1kernelentrypoint:head.o 111
5.2.2kernelstartup:main.c 113
5.2.3architecturesetup 114
5.3kernelcommand-lineprocessing 115
5.3.1the__setupmacro 116
5.4subsysteminitialization 122
5.4.1the*__initcallmacros 122
5.5theinitthread 125
5.2initializationflowofcontrol 109
5.2.1kernelentrypoint:head.o 111
5.2.2kernelstartup:main.c 113
5.2.3architecturesetup 114
5.3kernelcommand-lineprocessing 115
5.3.1the__setupmacro 116
5.4subsysteminitialization 122
5.4.1the*__initcallmacros 122
5.5theinitthread 125
5.5.1initializationviainitcalls 126
5.5.2initcall_debug 127
5.5.3finalbootsteps 127
5.6summary 129
5.6.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 130
chapter6userspaceinitialization 131
6.1rootfilesystem 132
6.1.1fhs:filesystemhierarchystandard 133
6.1.2filesystemlayout 133
6.1.3minimalfilesystem 134
6.1.4theembeddedrootfschallenge 136
6.1.5trial-and-errormethod 137
6.1.6automatedfilesystembuildtools 137
6.2kernel’slastbootsteps 137
6.2.1firstuserspaceprogram 139
6.2.2resolvingdependencies 139
6.2.3customizedinitialprocess 140
6.3theinitprocess 140
6.3.1inittab 143
6.3.2samplewebserverstartupscript 145
6.4initialramdisk 146
6.4.1bootingwithinitrd 147
6.4.2bootloadersupportforinitrd 148
6.4.3initrdmagic:linuxrc 150
6.4.4theinitrdplumbing 151
6.4.5buildinganinitrdimage 152
6.5usinginitramfs 153
6.5.1customizing 154
6.3.1inittab 143
6.3.2samplewebserverstartupscript 145
6.4initialramdisk 146
6.4.1bootingwithinitrd 147
6.4.2bootloadersupportforinitrd 148
6.4.3initrdmagic:linuxrc 150
6.4.4theinitrdplumbing 151
6.4.5buildinganinitrdimage 152
6.5usinginitramfs 153
6.5.1customizinginitramfs 154
6.6shutdown 156
6.7summary 156
6.7.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 157
chapter7bootloaders 159
7.1roleofabootloader 160
7.2bootloaderchallenges 161
7.2.1dramcontroller 161
7.2.2flashversusram 162
7.2.3imagecomplexity 162
7.2.4executioncontext 165
7.3auniversalbootloader:dasu-boot 166
7.3.1obtainingu-boot 166
7.3.2configuringu-boot 167
7.3.3u-bootmonitorcommands 169
7.3.4networkoperations 170
7.3.5storagesubsystems 173
7.3.6bootingfromdisk 174
7.4portingu-boot 174
7.4.1ep405u-bootport 175
7.4.2u-bootmakefileconfigurationtarget 176
7.4.3ep405firstbuild 177
7.4.4ep405processorinitialization 178
7.4.5board-specificinitialization 181
7.4.6portingsummary 184
7.4.7u-bootimageformat 185
7.5devicetreeblob(flatdevicetree) 187
7.3.6bootingfromdisk 174
7.4portingu-boot 174
7.4.1ep405u-bootport 175
7.4.2u-bootmakefileconfigurationtarget 176
7.4.3ep405firstbuild 177
7.4.4ep405processorinitialization 178
7.4.5board-specificinitialization 181
7.4.6portingsummary 184
7.4.7u-bootimageformat 185
7.5devicetreeblob(flatdevicetree) 187
7.5.1devicetreesource 189
7.5.2devicetreecompiler 192
7.5.3alternativekernelimagesusingdtb 193
7.6otherbootloaders 194
7.6.1lilo 194
7.6.2grub 195
7.6.3stillmorebootloaders 197
7.7summary 197
7.7.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 198
chapter8devicedriverbasics 201
8.1devicedriverconcepts 202
8.1.1loadablemodules 203
8.1.2devicedriverarchitecture 204
8.1.3minimaldevicedriverexample 204
8.1.4modulebuildinfrastructure 205
8.1.5installingadevicedriver 209
8.1.6loadingamodule 210
8.1.7moduleparameters 211
8.2moduleutilities 212
8.2.1insmod 212
8.2.2lsmod 213
8.2.3modprobe 213
8.2.4depmod 214
8.2.5rmmod 215
8.2.6modinfo 216
8.3drivermethods 217
8.1.5installingadevicedriver 209
8.1.6loadingamodule 210
8.1.7moduleparameters 211
8.2moduleutilities 212
8.2.1insmod 212
8.2.2lsmod 213
8.2.3modprobe 213
8.2.4depmod 214
8.2.5rmmod 215
8.2.6modinfo 216
8.3drivermethods 217
8.3.1driverfilesystemoperations 217
8.3.2allocationofdevicenumbers 220
8.3.3devicenodesandmknod 220
8.4bringingitalltogether 222
8.5buildingout-of-treedrivers 223
8.6devicedriversandthegpl 224
8.7summary 225
8.7.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 226
chapter9filesystems 227
9.1linuxfilesystemconcepts 228
9.1.1partitions 229
9.2ext2 230
9.2.1mountingafilesystem 232
9.2.2checkingfilesystemintegrity 233
9.3ext3 235
9.4ext4 237
9.5reiserfs 238
9.6jffs2 239
9.6.1buildingajffs2image 240
9.7cramfs 242
9.8networkfilesystem 244
9.8.1rootfilesystemonnfs 246
9.9pseudofilesystems 248
9.9.1/procfilesystem 249
9.9.2sysfs 252
9.4ext4 237
9.5reiserfs 238
9.6jffs2 239
9.6.1buildingajffs2image 240
9.7cramfs 242
9.8networkfilesystem 244
9.8.1rootfilesystemonnfs 246
9.9pseudofilesystems 248
9.9.1/procfilesystem 249
9.9.2sysfs 252
9.10otherfilesystems 255
9.11buildingasimplefilesystem 256
9.12summary 258
9.12.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 259
chapter10mtdsubsystem 261
10.1mtdoverview 262
10.1.1enablingmtdservices 263
10.1.2mtdbasics 265
10.1.3configuringmtdonyourtarget 267
10.2mtdpartitions 267
10.2.1redbootpartitiontablepartitioning 269
10.2.2kernelcommand-linepartitioning 273
10.2.3mappingdriver 274
10.2.4flashchipdrivers 276
10.2.5board-specificinitialization 276
10.3mtdutilities 279
10.3.1jffs2rootfilesystem 281
10.4ubifilesystem 284
10.4.1configuringforubifs 284
10.4.2buildingaubifsimage 284
10.4.3usingubifsastherootfilesystem 287
10.5summary 287
10.5.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 288
chapter11busybox 289
11.1introductiontobusybox 290
11.1.1busyboxiseasy 291
11.2busyboxconfiguration 291
11.2.1cross-compilingbusybox 293
11.3busyboxoperation 293
11.3.1busyboxinit 297
11.3.2samplercsinitializationscript 299
11.3.3busyboxtargetinstallation 300
11.3.4busyboxapplets 302
11.4summary 303
11.4.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 304
chapter12embeddeddevelopmentenvironment 305
12.1cross-developmentenvironment 306
12.1.1“helloworld”embedded 307
12.2hostsystemrequirements 311
12.2.1hardwaredebugprobe 311
12.3hostingtargetboards 312
12.3.1tftpserver 312
12.3.2bootp/dhcpserver 313
12.3.3nfsserver 316
12.3.4targetnfsrootmount 318
12.3.5u-bootnfsrootmountexample 320
12.4summary 322
12.4.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 323
chapter13developmenttools 325
13.1gnudebugger(gdb) 326
13.1.1debuggingacoredump 327
13.1.2invokinggdb 329
13.1.3debugsessioningdb 331
13.2datadisplaydebugger 333
13.3cbrowser/cscope 335
13.4tracingandprofilingtools 337
13.4.1strace 337
13.4.2stracevariations 341
13.4.3ltrace 343
13.4.4ps 344
13.4.5top 346
13.4.6mtrace 348
13.4.7dmalloc 350
13.4.8kerneloops 353
13.5binaryutilities 355
13.5.1readelf 355
13.5.2examiningdebuginformationusingreadelf 357
13.5.3objdump 359
13.5.4objcopy 360
13.6miscellaneousbinaryutilities 361
13.6.1strip 361
13.6.2addr2line 361
13.6.3strings 362
13.6.4ldd 362
13.6.5nm 363
13.6.6prelink 364
13.5.2examiningdebuginformationusingreadelf 357
13.5.3objdump 359
13.5.4objcopy 360
13.6miscellaneousbinaryutilities 361
13.6.1strip 361
13.6.2addr2line 361
13.6.3strings 362
13.6.4ldd 362
13.6.5nm 363
13.6.6prelink 364
13.7summary 364
13.7.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 365
chapter14kerneldebuggingtechniques 367
14.1challengestokerneldebugging 368
14.2usingkgdbforkerneldebugging 369
14.2.1kgdbkernelconfiguration 371
14.2.2targetbootwithkgdbsupport 372
14.2.3usefulkernelbreakpoints 376
14.2.4sharingaconsoleserialportwithkgdb 377
14.2.5debuggingveryearlykernelcode 379
14.2.6kgdbsupportinthemainlinekernel 380
14.3kerneldebuggingtechniques 381
14.3.1gdbremoteserialprotocol 382
14.3.2debuggingoptimizedkernelcode 385
14.3.3gdbuser-definedcommands 392
14.3.4usefulkernelgdbmacros 393
14.3.5debuggingloadablemodules 402
14.3.6printkdebugging 407
14.3.7magicsysreqkey 409
14.4hardware-assisteddebugging 410
14.4.1programmingflashusingajtagprobe 411
14.4.2debuggingwithajtagprobe 413
14.5whenitdoesn’tboot 417
14.5.1earlyserialdebugoutput 417
14.5.2dumpingtheprintklogbuffer 417
14.5.3kgdbonpanic 420
14.3.4usefulkernelgdbmacros 393
14.3.5debuggingloadablemodules 402
14.3.6printkdebugging 407
14.3.7magicsysreqkey 409
14.4hardware-assisteddebugging 410
14.4.1programmingflashusingajtagprobe 411
14.4.2debuggingwithajtagprobe 413
14.5whenitdoesn’tboot 417
14.5.1earlyserialdebugoutput 417
14.5.2dumpingtheprintklogbuffer 417
14.5.3kgdbonpanic 420
14.6summary 421
14.6.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 422
chapter15debuggingembeddedlinuxapplications 423
15.1targetdebugging 424
15.2remote(cross)debugging 424
15.2.1gdbserver 427
15.3debuggingwithsharedlibraries 429
15.3.1sharedlibraryeventsingdb 431
15.4debuggingmultipletasks 435
15.4.1debuggingmultipleprocesses 435
15.4.2debuggingmultithreadedapplications 438
15.4.3debuggingbootloader/flashcode 441
15.5additionalremotedebugoptions 442
15.5.1debuggingusingaserialport 442
15.5.2attachingtoarunningprocess 442
15.6summary 443
15.6.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 444
chapter16opensourcebuildsystems 445
16.1whyuseabuildsystem? 446
16.2scratchbox 447
16.2.1installingscratchbox 447
16.2.2creatingacross-compilationtarget 448
16.3buildroot 451
16.3.1buildrootinstallation 451
16.3.2buildrootconfiguration 451
15.6summary 443
15.6.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 444
chapter16opensourcebuildsystems 445
16.1whyuseabuildsystem? 446
16.2scratchbox 447
16.2.1installingscratchbox 447
16.2.2creatingacross-compilationtarget 448
16.3buildroot 451
16.3.1buildrootinstallation 451
16.3.2buildrootconfiguration 451
16.3.3buildrootbuild 452
16.4openembedded 454
16.4.1openembeddedcomposition 455
16.4.2bitbakemetadata 456
16.4.3recipebasics 456
16.4.4metadatatasks 460
16.4.5metadataclasses 461
16.4.6configuringopenembedded 462
16.4.7buildingimages 463
16.5summary 464
16.5.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 464
chapter17linuxandrealtime 465
17.1whatisrealtime? 466
17.1.1softrealtime 466
17.1.2hardrealtime 467
17.1.3linuxscheduling 467
17.1.4latency 467
17.2kernelpreemption 469
17.2.1impedimentstopreemption 469
17.2.2preemptionmodels 471
17.2.3smpkernel 472
17.2.4sourcesofpreemptionlatency 473
17.3real-timekernelpatch 473
17.3.1real-timefeatures 475
17.3.2o(1)scheduler 476
17.1.3linuxscheduling 467
17.1.4latency 467
17.2kernelpreemption 469
17.2.1impedimentstopreemption 469
17.2.2preemptionmodels 471
17.2.3smpkernel 472
17.2.4sourcesofpreemptionlatency 473
17.3real-timekernelpatch 473
17.3.1real-timefeatures 475
17.3.2o(1)scheduler 476
17.3.3creatingareal-timeprocess 477
17.4real-timekernelperformanceanalysis 478
17.4.1usingftracefortracing 478
17.4.2preemptionofflatencymeasurement 479
17.4.3wakeuplatencymeasurement 481
17.4.4interruptofftiming 483
17.4.5softlockupdetection 484
17.5summary 485
17.5.1suggestionforadditionalreading 485
chapter18universalserialbus 487
18.1usboverview 488
18.1.1usbphysicaltopology 488
18.1.2usblogicaltopology 490
18.1.3usbrevisions 491
18.1.4usbconnectors 492
18.1.5usbcableassemblies 494
18.1.6usbmodes 494
18.2configuringusb 495
18.2.1usbinitialization 497
18.3sysfsandusbdevicenaming 500
18.4usefulusbtools 502
18.4.1usbfilesystem 502
18.4.2usingusbview 504
18.4.3usbutils(lsusb) 507
18.5commonusbsubsystems 508
18.5.1usbmassstorageclass 508
18.1.6usbmodes 494
18.2configuringusb 495
18.2.1usbinitialization 497
18.3sysfsandusbdevicenaming 500
18.4usefulusbtools 502
18.4.1usbfilesystem 502
18.4.2usingusbview 504
18.4.3usbutils(lsusb) 507
18.5commonusbsubsystems 508
18.5.1usbmassstorageclass 508
18.5.2usbhidclass 511
18.5.3usbcdcclassdrivers 512
18.5.4usbnetworksupport 515
18.6usbdebug 516
18.6.1usbmon 517
18.6.2usefulusbmiscellanea 518
18.7summary 519
18.7.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 519
chapter19udev 521
19.1whatisudev? 522
19.2devicediscovery 523
19.3defaultudevbehavior 525
19.4understandingudevrules 527
19.4.1modalias 530
19.4.2typicaludevrulesconfiguration 533
19.4.3initialsystemsetupforudev 535
19.5loadingplatformdevicedrivers 538
19.6customizingudevbehavior 540
19.6.1udevcustomizationexample:usbautomounting 540
19.7persistentdevicenaming 541
19.7.1udevhelperutilities 542
19.8usingudevwithbusybox 545
19.8.1busyboxmdev 545
19.8.2configuringmdev 547
19.9summary 548
19.9.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 548
19.6customizingudevbehavior 540
19.6.1udevcustomizationexample:usbautomounting 540
19.7persistentdevicenaming 541
19.7.1udevhelperutilities 542
19.8usingudevwithbusybox 545
19.8.1busyboxmdev 545
19.8.2configuringmdev 547
19.9summary 548
19.9.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 548
appendixagnupubliclicense 549
preamble 550
termsandconditionsforcopying,distribution,andmodification 551
nowarranty 555
appendixbu-bootconfigurablecommands 557
appendixcbusyboxcommands 561
appendixdsdraminterfaceconsiderations 571
d.1sdrambasics 572
d.1.1sdramrefresh 573
d.2clocking 574
d.3sdramsetup 575
d.4summary 580
d.4.1suggestionsforadditionalreading 580
appendixeopensourceresources 581
sourcerepositoriesanddeveloperinformation 582
mailinglists 582
linuxnewsanddevelopments 583
opensourcelegalinsightanddiscussion 583
appendixfsamplebdi-2000configurationfile 585
index 593