Linux-mysql主从复制
mysql
mariadb 是mysql的分支 可以直接在官方网站下载
下载
``` wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar ```
解压
``` tar xf MySQL-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar ```
安装
``` yum install -y *.rpm ``` 默认安装位置:/var/lib/mysql 报错信息: ``` 2019-08-30T11:18:22.976635Z 0 [Warning] Can‘t create test file /mydata/mysql/localhost.lower-test 2019-08-30T11:18:22.976687Z 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.7.27) starting as process 2788 ... 2019-08-30T11:18:22.980289Z 0 [Warning] Can‘t create test file /mydata/mysql/localhost.lower-test 2019-08-30T11:18:22.980338Z 0 [Warning] Can‘t create test file /mydata/mysql/localhost.lower-test 解决办法:setenforce 0 #关闭防火墙 ```
重置密码
``` 默认密码: grep ‘pass‘ /var/log/mysqld.log mysql_secure_installation 输入root密码 是否要修改密码 是否要修改root密码(大小写、数字、特殊字符) 是否要删除匿名用户 是否禁止root远程登录 是否要删除test数据库 是否要刷新表的权限 ```
密码校验规则
``` 设置密码的校验规则 mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0; 0 校验级别最低,只校验密码的长度,长度可以设定 1 必须包括大写字母、小写字母、数字、特殊字符 2 必须满足上面两条,并追加,对于密码中任意连续的4个(或者4个以上) 字符不能是字典中的单词 mysql> set global validate_password_length=3; 修改密码的最短长度 ```
创建用户
``` create user ‘username‘@‘ip‘ identified by ‘password‘; 全部ip的话则是% ```
查看权限
``` show grants; ```
用户授权
``` mysql> grant all on *.* to ‘root‘@‘%‘ identified by ‘1234‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) ```
mysql主从
主服务器上配置如下(/etc/my.cnf)
``` server-id=1 设置id log-bin=/mydata/log/master-bin 启动binlog日志 sync_binlog = 1 确保主从复制事务安全 ```
主服务器执行如下sql
``` mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to ‘slave‘@‘192.168.21.131‘ identified by ‘1234‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) show master status\G ```
从服务配置如下:
``` server-id =12 relay_log =/mydata/log/slave-log sync_binlog = 1 read-only=ON ```
从服务器执行如下sql
``` CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘master2.example.com‘, MASTER_USER=‘replication‘, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘password‘, MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘master2-bin.001‘, MASTER_LOG_POS=4, MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10; #监控主服务器的时间 # 连接主库 change master to master_host=‘192.168.21.128‘,master_user=‘slave‘,master_password=‘1234‘; # 启动进程 start slave; # 查看状态 show slave status\G ```
问题:
``` Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs; these UUIDs must be different for replication to work. 解决办法: rm -rf /mydata/mysql/auto.cnf systemctl restart mysqld ```
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