Oracle 11g Clone安装方法

如果你需要安装的数据库服务器比较多，使用图形化方式安装数据库软件的速度还是很慢，而且也比较麻烦。Oracle 11g 提供了Clone安装的方法。

步骤如下：

• 使用正常方法在服务器A上安装好Oracle。
• 将A机器上的$ORACLE_HOME打包，db_home1.zip 。
• 将B机器的环境准备好，如建立用户、建立用户、修改内核参数，修改环境变量等等。
• 将zip包copy到B服务器，解压到任意目录。
• 执行Clone命令

1.A机器上打包

[root@localhost oracle]# zip -r db_1.zip /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/

2. 准备B机器环境

[root@localhost inst_env_scripts]# ./1preusers.sh

[root@localhost inst_env_scripts]# ./2predir.sh

[root@localhost inst_env_scripts]# ./3prelimits.sh

[root@localhost inst_env_scripts]# ./4presysctl.sh

脚本内容如下

[root@localhost inst_env_scripts]# cat 1preusers.sh

#!/bin/bash

#Purpose:Create 3 groups named 'oinstall','dba','oper', plus 1 users named 'oracle'.

#Also setting the Environment

#variable for oracle user.

#variable for grid user.

#Usage:Log on as the superuser('root'),and then execute the command:#./1preusers.sh

#Author:ding liqing

echo "Now create 3 groups named 'oinstall','dba','oper'"

echo "Plus 1 users named 'oracle',Also setting the Environment"

groupadd -g 1000 oinstall

groupadd -g 1300 dba

groupadd -g 1301 oper

useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash -c "Oracle Software Owner" oracle

echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracle

echo "export TMP=/tmp">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile 

echo 'export TMPDIR=$TMP'>>/home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export ORACLE_SID=orcl">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo 'export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo 'export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin'  >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo 'export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo 'export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo 'export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo 'export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export EDITOR=vi" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export LANG=en_US" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export NLS_LANG=american_america.AL32UTF8" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss'" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "umask 022">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "The Groups and users has been created"

echo "The Environment for oracle also has been set successfully"

[root@localhost inst_env_scripts]# cat 2predir.sh

#!/bin/bash

#Purpose:Create the necessary directory for oracle users and change the authention to oracle users.

#Usage:Log on as the superuser('root'),and then execute the command:#./2predir.sh

#Author:ding liqing

echo "Now create the necessary directory for oracle users and change the authention to oracle users..."

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

chmod -R 775 /u01

echo "The necessary directory for oracle users and change the authention to oracle users has been finished"

[root@localhost inst_env_scripts]# cat 3prelimits.sh

#!/bin/bash

#Purpose:Change the /etc/security/limits.conf.

#Usage:Log on as the superuser('root'),and then execute the command:#./3prelimits.sh

#Author:ding lq

echo "Now modify the /etc/security/limits.conf,but backup it named /etc/security/limits.conf.bak before"

cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.bak

echo "oracle soft nproc 2047" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle hard nproc 16384" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle soft nofile 1024" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle hard nofile 65536" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "Modifing the /etc/security/limits.conf has been succeed."

#Usage:Log on as the superuser('root'),and then execute the command:#./4presysctl.sh

#Author:ding liqing

echo "Now modify the /etc/sysctl.conf,but with a backup named /etc/sysctl.bak"

cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.bak

echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "fs.file-max = 6815744" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.shmall = 2097152" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.shmmax = 1054472192" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.shmmni = 4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.rmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.rmem_max = 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.wmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.wmem_max = 1048586" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "Modifing the /etc/sysctl.conf has been succeed."

echo "Now make the changes take effect....."

sysctl -p

3. 将A机器上的zip包copy到B机器上

[root@localhost inst_env_scripts]# scp 192.168.199.163:/home/oracle/db_1.zip /home/oracle/

The authenticity of host '192.168.199.163 (192.168.199.163)' can't be established.

RSA key fingerprint is cc:d0:c3:de:37:33:a7:cb:91:40:c5:5f:18:07:06:9f.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added '192.168.199.163' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.

[email protected]'s password:

db_1.zip                                                                                                                                                                100% 2366MB  30.0MB/s  01:19

4. 解压zip文件

[root@localhost oracle]# unzip -d / db_1.zip

[root@localhost oracle]# chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/

5.执行Clone命令

[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/clone/bin/

[oracle@localhost bin]$ $ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl clone.pl ORACLE_BASE="/u01/app/oracle/" ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1" OSDBA_GROUP=dba OSOPER_GROUP=oper -defaultHomeName

执行结果如下

./runInstaller -clone -waitForCompletion  "ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle/" "ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1" "oracle_install_OSDBA=dba" "oracle_install_OSOPER=oper" -defaultHomeName  -defaultHomeName -silent -noConfig -nowait

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB.  Actual 1999 MB    Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-08-22_05-13-13AM. Please wait ...Oracle Universal Installer, Version 11.2.0.4.0 Production

Copyright (C) 1999, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

You can find the log of this install session at:

 /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/cloneActions2015-08-22_05-13-13AM.log

.................................................................................................... 100% Done.

Installation in progress (Saturday, August 22, 2015 5:13:31 AM CST)

..............................................................................                                                  78% Done.

Install successful

Linking in progress (Saturday, August 22, 2015 5:13:38 AM CST)

Link successful

Setup in progress (Saturday, August 22, 2015 5:13:41 AM CST)

Setup successful

End of install phases.(Saturday, August 22, 2015 5:14:06 AM CST)

WARNING:A new inventory has been created in this session. However, it has not yet been registered as the central inventory of this system.

To register the new inventory please run the script '/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh' with root privileges.

If you do not register the inventory, you may not be able to update or patch the products you installed.

The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

To execute the configuration scripts:

    1. Open a terminal window

    2. Log in as "root"

    3. Run the scripts

The cloning of OraHome1 was successful.

Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/cloneActions2015-08-22_05-13-13AM.log' for more details.

6. 使用root用户运行上面的两个脚本

[root@localhost ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

[root@localhost ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

安装完毕！