Linux下Java、Maven、Tomcat的安装
1、安装Java（此处假定安装目录位/usr/local）
1）下载jdk（jdk-7），下载地址如下：
32位：http://download.Oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u67-b01/jdk-7u67-linux-i586.tar.gz
64位：http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u67-b01/jdk-7u67-linux-x64.tar.gz
下载命令（以64位为例）：
$ cd /usr/local
$ sudo wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u67-b01/jdk-7u67-linux-x64.tar.gz
2）解压到安装目录，使用如下命令：
$ cd /usr/local
$ sudo tar -xf jdk-7u67-linux-x64.tar.gz
3）配置环境变量，修改/etc/profile文件
$ sudo vim /etc/profile
在末尾添加如下内容：
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jdk1.7.0_67
export JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jdk1.7.0_67 /jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH
执行如下命令：
$ source /etc/profile
输入java命令，看看是否生效，部分结果如下：
$ java
Usage: java [-options] class [args...]
(to execute a class)
or java [-options] -jar jarfile [args...]
(to execute a jar file)
where options include:
-d32 use a 32-bit data model if available
-d64 use a 64-bit data model if available
-server to select the "server" VM
The default VM is server.
-cp <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>
-classpath <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>
A : separated list of directories, JAR archives,
and ZIP archives to search for class files.
-D<name>=<value>
2、安装maven
1）下载，下载命令如下：
$ cd /usr/local
$ sudo wget http://apache.fayea.com/apache-mirror/maven/maven-3/3.2.2/binaries/apache-maven-3.2.2-bin.tar.gz
2）解压，命令如下：
$ cd /usr/local
$ sudo tar -xf apache-maven-3.2.2-bin.tar.gz
3）配置环境变量
$ sudo vim /etc/profile
在末尾添加如下内容：
export M2_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.2.2
export PATH=$PATH:$M2_HOME/bin
执行如下命令：
$ source /etc/profile
输入mvn --help命令，看看是否生效，部分结果如下：
mvn --help
usage: mvn [options] [<goal(s)>] [<phase(s)>]
Options:
-am,--also-make If project list is specified, also
build projects required by the
list
-amd,--also-make-dependents If project list is specified, also
build projects that depend on
projects on the list
-B,--batch-mode Run in non-interactive (batch)
mode
-C,--strict-checksums Fail the build if checksums don't
match
3、安装tomcat
1）下载
$ cd /usr/local
$ sudo wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.55/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.55.tar.gz
2）解压缩
$ cd /usr/local
$ sudo tar -xf apache-tomcat-7.0.55.tar.gz
3）配置环境变量
$ sudo vim /etc/profile
在末尾添加如下内容：
export export TOMCAT_HOME=/export/software/apache-tomcat-7.0.42
export PATH=$PATH:$TOMCAT_HOME/bin
执行如下命令：
$ cd /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.55
$ bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.55
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.55
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.55/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk1.7.0_67/jre
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.55/bin/bootstrap.jar:/export/software/apache-tomcat-7.0.55/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
此时，在浏览器打开http://localhost:8080，可以看到如下页面，表示启动成功。
可以执行如下命令关闭tomcat：
$ cd /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.55
$ bin/shutdown.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.55
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.55
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.55/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk1.7.0_67/jre
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.55/bin/bootstrap.jar:/export/software/apache-tomcat-7.0.55/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat 的详细介绍：请点这里
Tomcat 的下载地址：请点这里