python 移除字符串尾部的数字方法
今天在下脚本的时候遇到一个问题,比如有这样的一个字符串 t = "book123456",想把尾部的数字全部去掉,只留下“book”,自己用正则试了下,是实现了,但速度不是很快,于是问了一下同事,他给的解决的方法确实很简洁,也让自己长了知识点,如下:
import string t.rstrip(string.digits)
这样就全部将数字移除了,顺便将string这个模块看了下文档,也有一定的收获。
>>> import string >>> string.digits '0123456789' >>> string.hexdigits '0123456789abcdefABCDEF' >>> string.octdigits '01234567' >>> string.letters 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ' >>> string.lowercase 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz' >>> string.uppercase 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ' >>> string.printable '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ!"#$%&\'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~ \t\n\r\x0b\x0c' >>> string.punctuation '!"#$%&\'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~' >>> string.whitespace '\t\n\x0b\x0c\r ' >>>
同时string可以将字符串和int,float相互转化:
>>> string.atof("1.23") 1.23 >>> string.atof("1") 1.0
转换的时候还可以制定进制的转化
>>> string.atoi("20") 20 >>> string.atoi("20",base=10) 20 >>> string.atoi("20",base=16) 32 >>> string.atoi("20",base=8) 16 >>> string.atoi("20",base=2) Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in <module> File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/string.py", line 403, in atoi return _int(s, base) ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 2: '20' >>> string.atoi("101",base=2) 5 >>> string.atoi("101",base=6) 37
capwords(s, sep = None)以sep作为分隔符,分割字符串是s,然后将每个字符串的首字母大写
>>> string.capwords("this is a dog") 'This Is A Dog' >>> string.capwords("this is a dog",sep=" ") 'This Is A Dog' >>> string.capwords("this is a dog",sep="s") 'This is a dog' >>> string.capwords("this is a dog",sep="o") 'This is a doG' >>>
maketrans(s, r)创建一个s到r的转换列表,然后可以使用translate()方法来实现
>>> replist=string.maketrans("123","abc") >>> replist1=string.maketrans("456","xyz") >>> s="123456789" >>> s.translate(replist) 'abc456789' >>> s.translate(replist1) '123xyz789'
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