[转] Centos下的LNMP架构
前提：安装Centos （略）
安装LNMP，附件为nginx，php,php-fpm配置文件
1. 安装wget工具包
yum install -y wget
2. 安装相关软件包/库
1> 一些软件依赖包
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers
2>安装libevent，memcached需要
yum -y install libevent libevent-devel
3> 下载软件包
wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.9-fpm-0.5.10-unofficial.diff.gz wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.2.tar.gz wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.3.28.tar.gz wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.6-rc.tar.gz wget http://www.memcached.org/files/memcached-1.4.20.tar.gz wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/MCrypt/2.6.8/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/mhash/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.10/pcre-8.10.tar.gz wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/imagemagick/files/6.8.9-sources/ImageMagick-6.8.9-5.tar.gz wget http://pecl.php.net/get/APC-3.1.4.tgz wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.6.tgz wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.0.1RC2.tgz
3.安装
1> 安装libiconv
cd /usr/src/ tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.13.1/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make make install
2> 修改动态链接载入的目录查找文件
vi /etc/ld.so.conf #在文件最后添加一行内容/usr/local/lib，然后运行以下命令/sbin/ldconfig
3> 安装libmcrypt
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/ ./configure make && make install /sbin/ldconfig cd libltdl/ ./configure --enable-ltdl-install make && make install cd ../../
4> 安装mhash
tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz cd mhash-0.9.9.9/ ./configure make && make install cd ../ ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config
5> 安装mcrypt
tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz cd mcrypt-2.6.8/ /sbin/ldconfig ./configure make && make install cd ../
6> 安装memcached
tar xvf memcached-1.4.5.tar.gz cd memcached-1.4.5 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached make && make install cd ../
7> 安装pcre
tar zxvf pcre-8.10.tar.gz cd pcre-8.10/ ./configure make && make install cd ../
8> 安装Nginx
/usr/sbin/groupadd www /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www tar zxvf nginx-0.8.52.tar.gz cd nginx-0.8.52/ ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module make && make install cd ../
9> 安装PHP
tar zxvf php-5.3.3.tar.gz cd php-5.3.3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local --with-mhash --with-mcrypt --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-openssl --with-xmlrpc --with-zlib --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-fpm --enable-inline-optimization --enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --enable-pcntl --enable-safe-mode --enable-shmop --enable-soap --enable-sockets --enable-sysvsem --enable-xml --enable-zip --without-pear --enable-ftp --with-libdir=lib64 ←64位操作系统需要添加此项，否则去除此项 make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' make install cp ./php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini cd ../
10> 安装ImageMagick
tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.6.5-0.tar.gz cd ImageMagick-6.6.5-0/ ./configure make && make install cd ../
11> 安装PHP扩展imagick
tar zxvf imagick-3.0.1RC2.tgz cd imagick-3.0.1RC2/ ln -s /usr/local/include/ImageMagick-6 /usr/local/include/ImageMagick /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make && make install cd ../
12> 安装PHP扩展memcache
tar zxvf memcache-2.2.6.tgz cd memcache-2.2.6/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make && make install cd ../
13> 安装PHP扩展APC
tar zxvf APC-3.1.4.tgz cd APC-3.1.4/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make && make install cd ../
14> 安装MySQL
/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql tar xvf mysql-5.5.6-rc.tar.gz cd mysql-5.5.6-rc/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-big-tables --with-charset=utf8 --with-collation=utf8_general_ci --with-extra-charsets=gbk,gb2312,utf8 --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg --with-pthread --with-readline --without-debug --without-isam --enable-assembler --enable-local-infile --enable-thread-safe-client make make install chmod +w /usr/local/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql cd ../
4.配置
1> MYSQL配置
mkdir -p /var/mysql/ mkdir -p /var/mysql/data/ mkdir -p /var/mysql/log/ chown -R mysql:mysql /var/mysql/ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/var/mysql/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/var/mysql/data --user=mysql vi /var/mysql/my.cnf
2> PHP配置
#[1]# vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini #[2]查找 extension_dir = "ext"（809行左右），在后面添加以下几行： extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/" extension=apc.so extension=imagick.so extension=memcache.so #[3] 按shift+g键跳到配置文件的末尾，添加以下配置信息： [APC] apc.enabled=1 apc.ttl=7200 apc.shm_size=32 #3> PHP-FPM配置 cd /usr/local/php/etc/ cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf vi php-fpm.conf #4> Nginx配置 cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/ cp nginx.conf.default nginx.conf vi nginx.conf
5.启动
1> 启动MySQL
##cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/ ##chkconfig --add mysql.server #加入service和开机启动 ##/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server start #手动启动，下面设置root密码 ##上面方法启动不成功，下面的可以，不知道为什么，找了半天，找不到答案 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/var/mysql/my.cnf & #加入/etc/rc.d/rc.local中去，系统启动自动启动 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown #手动关闭
2> 启动memcached
chmod 0777 /var/run #允许普通用户程序写入pid文件 /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -p 11211 -d -u www -P /var/run/memcached.pid -m 64M -c 1024 参数含义： -p memcached监听的TCP端口 -l监听的ip地址，127.0.0.1是本机，当然也可以写上你的服务器IP，如：61.150.91.26，这是我服务器的IP地址，如果你需要多个服务器都能够读取这台memcached的缓存数据，那么就必须设定这个ip -d 以daemon方式运行，将程序放入后台 -u memcached的运行用户，我设定的是nobody -P memcached的pid文件路径 -m memcached可以使用的最大内存数量 -c memcached同时可以接受的最大的连接数 如果你希望以socket方式来访问memcached，那么在启动的时候就必须去掉 -l和-p参数，并加上-s参数： -s memcached的socket文件路径
3> 启动mephp-fpm和nginx
ulimit -SHn 65535 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #以将这3条语句写入/etc/rc.local文件，这样每次开机就可以启动php-fpm和nginx了。
4> 优化Linux内核参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf #在文件末尾增加以下内容： # append net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768 net.core.somaxconn = 32768 net.core.wmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_max = 16777216 net.core.wmem_max = 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 #net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800 #net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30 #net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535 使配置立即生效： /sbin/sysctl -p
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