Oracle 11.2.0.3管理ASM实例

ASM实例目前无论是在rac还是单实例数据库环境下都被广泛的采用，本文主要介绍Oracle 11.2.0.3环境下ASM实例的管理，主要包含以下内容：
1：ASM磁盘及磁盘组的状态查看
2：创建external 冗余磁盘组,添加，删除磁盘
3：创建normal redundancy磁盘组
4：normal redundancy下的failgroup测试
5：删除ASM磁盘组
6：其他asm实例初始化参数含义

一：查看ASM磁盘及磁盘组状态
SQL> select * from v$asm_disk;
SQL> select * from v$asm_diskgroup;

二：创建external 冗余磁盘组,添加，删除磁盘，删除磁盘的时候需要指定磁盘的name而不是path

1. SQL> create diskgroup FRA external redundancy disk '/dev/asm-disk4';
2. Diskgroup created.
4. SQL> alter diskgroup fra add disk '/dev/asm-disk5' rebalance power 10;
5. Diskgroup altered.
7. SQL> select name,failgroup,path from v$asm_disk;
9. NAME FAILGROUP PATH
10. -------------------- -------------------- --------------------
11. DATA_0000 DATA_0000 /dev/asm-disk1
12. DATA_0001 DATA_0001 /dev/asm-disk3
13. DATA_0002 DATA_0002 /dev/asm-disk2
14. FRA_0000 FRA_0000 /dev/asm-disk4
15. FRA_0001 FRA_0001 /dev/asm-disk5
16. /dev/asm-disk6
17. /dev/asm-disk7
19. SQL> alter diskgroup fra drop disk '/dev/asm-disk4' rebalance power 10;
20. alter diskgroup fra drop disk '/dev/asm-disk4' rebalance power 10
21. *
22. ERROR at line 1:
23. ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
24. ORA-15054: disk "/DEV/ASM-DISK4" does not exist in diskgroup "FRA"
26. SQL> alter diskgroup fra drop disk 'FRA_0000' rebalance power 10;
27. Diskgroup altered.

三：创建normal redundancy磁盘组

1. SQL> conn /as sysasm
2. Connected.
3. SQL> create diskgroup fra normal redundancy
4. failgroup fg1 disk '/dev/asm-disk4','/dev/asm-disk5'
5. failgroup fg2 disk '/dev/asm-disk6','/dev/asm-disk7'
6. attribute 'compatible.rdbms'='11.2','compatible.asm'='11.2';
7. Diskgroup created.
9. SQL> select name, total_mb,free_mb,required_mirror_free_mb,usable_file_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;
11. NAME TOTAL_MB FREE_MB REQUIRED_MIRROR_FREE_MB USABLE_FILE_MB
12. ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------------- --------------
13. DATA 61440 54873 0 18291
14. FRA 81920 81592 20480 30556

四：failgroup测试；FAILGROUP是用于将磁盘分组，以保证丢失任何一组FAILGROUP磁盘，数据还是完整的,多用于多阵列，通过ASM来完成冗余的环境！
1：查看FRA磁盘组中failgroup信息及磁盘状态

1. SQL> select name,path,failgroup,mount_status from v$asm_disk where group_number=2;
3. NAME PATH FAILGROUP MOUNT_STATUS
4. -------------------- -------------------- ---------- ---------------------
5. FRA_0003 /dev/asm-disk7 FG2 CACHED
6. FRA_0002 /dev/asm-disk6 FG2 CACHED
7. FRA_0000 /dev/asm-disk4 FG1 CACHED
8. FRA_0001 /dev/asm-disk5 FG1 CACHED

2：在rdbms实例中创建表空间，建表并插入数据，收集表统计信息

1. SQL> create tablespace test01 datafile '+FRA';
2. Tablespace created.
4. ASMCMD> pwd
5. +fra/db/datafile
6. ASMCMD> ls
7. TEST01.256.800622493
9. SQL> create table t1 tablespace test01 as select * from dba_objects;
10. Table created.
12. SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('SYS','T1');
13. PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
15. SQL> select count(*) from t1;
17. COUNT(*)
18. ----------
19. 74501

3：删除udev相关规则，重启数据库实例和ASM实例，验证数据是否存在

1. SQL> conn /as sysasm
2. Connected.
3. SQL> alter diskgroup fra mount;
4. alter diskgroup fra mount
5. *
6. ERROR at line 1:
7. ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
8. ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
9. ORA-15042: ASM disk "1" is missing from group number "2"
10. ORA-15042: ASM disk "0" is missing from group number "2"
12. SQL> alter diskgroup fra mount force;
13. Diskgroup altered.
15. SQL> select name,path,failgroup,mount_status from v$asm_disk;
17. NAME PATH FAILGROUP MOUNT_STATUS
18. ---------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------------
19. FRA_0000 FG1 MISSING
20. FRA_0001 FG1 MISSING
21. FRA_0002 /dev/asm-disk6 FG2 CACHED
22. FRA_0003 /dev/asm-disk7 FG2 CACHED
23. DATA_0000 /dev/asm-disk1 DATA_0000 CACHED
24. DATA_0002 /dev/asm-disk2 DATA_0002 CACHED
25. DATA_0001 /dev/asm-disk3 DATA_0001 CACHED
26. 7 rows selected.
28. SQL> conn /as sysdba
29. Connected.
30. SQL> select count(*) from t1;
32. COUNT(*)
33. ----------
34. 74501